A lead body is operable to be implanted proximate a target nerve tissue of a patient. A sensing electrode is configured to sense biopotentials over a first partial circumference of the lead body. A stimulation electrode is configured to deliver stimulation energy over a second partial circumference of the lead body. A signal generator is electrically coupled to the stimulation electrode and a sensing circuit is coupled to the sensing electrode. A processor is operable to apply a stimulation signal to the stimulation electrode via the signal generator and, via the sensing circuit, sense an evoked response to the stimulation signal that propagates along a neural pathway.

A hearing prosthesis system, including a direct acoustic cochlear stimulator (DACS) sub-system, and an electrophysiology measurement sub-system, wherein at least a portion of the DACS sub-system and at least a portion of the electrophysiology measurement sub-system are configured to be permanently implanted in a recipient underneath skin of the recipient.

A hearing prosthesis system, including a direct acoustic cochlear stimulator (DACS) sub-system, and an electrophysiology measurement sub-system, wherein at least a portion of the DACS sub-system and at least a portion of the electrophysiology measurement sub-system are configured to be permanently implanted in a recipient underneath skin of the recipient.

An apparatus, system and technique selectively eliminates the noxious signal components in a neuronal signal by creating an interfering electrical signal that is tuned to a given frequency corresponding to the oscillatory pattern of the noxious signal, resulting in a modified neuronal signal that substantially reproduces a normal, no-pain neuronal signal. The disclosed system and technique of pain relief is based on the hypothesis that the temporal profile of pain signals encodes particular components that oscillate at unique and quantifiable frequencies, which are responsible for pain processing in the brain.

The following relates generally to optical voltage sensing, and in particular to optical voltage sensing of power grids and of a subject body. For example, some embodiments include an optical resonator comprising: (i) a top electrode layer, (ii) a piezoelectric layer, and (iii) a substrate. A light source may illuminate the optical resonator of the voltage sensor with light comprising an incident optical power at an input wavelength, where the input wavelength is offset from a resonant wavelength of the optical resonator by a baseline voltage. The applied voltage may then be measured by measuring a reflected or transmitted light power.

Provided are devices and methods for preventing an episode of incontinence in an individual in need thereof. The devices comprise a sensor and a stimulator electrode that can be implanted into the body of the individual. Once the device is implanted in the individual, the sensor of the device senses a parameter that is associated with a response from the individual that is intended to prevent an episode of incontinence. Then, the device provides an electrical stimulation using the electrode that, together with the response, helps to prevent the episode of incontinence.

A method for performing percutaneous spinal interbody fusion on a spine of a patient can include inserting without direct visualization a neuro-monitoring dilating probe into the patient, performing neuro-monitoring via the neuro-monitoring dilating probe, advancing the neuro-monitoring dilating probe into a disc space, passing a second dilator over the neuro-monitoring dilating probe, and advancing the second dilator into the disc space. A kit for performing percutaneous spinal interbody fusion can include a neuro-monitoring dilating probe, a second dilator, a tissue removal tool, an access portal comprising an adjustable depth stop, and a discectomy verification device.

The disclosure describes devices and methods for providing transdermal electrical stimulation therapy to a subject including positioning a stimulator electrode over a glabrous skin surface overlying a palm of the subject and delivering electrical stimulation via a pulse generator transdermally through the glabrous skin surface and to a target nerve or tissue within the hand to stimulate the target nerve or tissue within the hand so that pain felt by the subject is mitigated. The pulses generated during the electrical stimulation therapy may include pulses of two different magnitudes.

A computer brain interface (CBI) device of an individual applies a burst sequence of stimulation pulses to afferent sensory nerve fibers to elicit a bioelectric response via a neurostimulation interface operably connected to or integrated with the CBI device. The neurostimulation interface senses the bioelectric responses of the stimulated afferent sensory nerve fibers. The CBI device derives, based on the sensed bioelectric responses, a neural excitability profile characterizing a non-linear, dynamic excitation behavior of the afferent sensory neurons corresponding to the applied sequence of stimulation pulses. At least one stimulation parameter of the current set of stimulation parameters is adjusted based on the derived excitability profile to obtain an updated set of stimulation parameters.

A kinemyography sensor includes a support frame and a flexible substrate, wherein at least a portion of the flexible substrate is attached to the support frame. The support frame is configured to attach to a patient's thumb and forefinger and has a bendable middle section configured to bend in response to movement of the patient's thumb. A printed stimulation circuit is printed on the substrate and includes a pair of stimulation electrodes configured to adhere to a patient's skin to deliver a kinemyography stimulus, and a printed bend sensor is printed on the substrate and located on the bendable middle section of the support frame, wherein the printed bend sensor is configured to sense the bending of the support frame.