An apparatus for sensing, the apparatus comprising: a plurality of genetically modified sensors and a transducer array. The plurality of genetically modified sensors comprise a plurality of subsets of sensors wherein the sensors are genetically modified so as to provide an output in response to one or more chemicals. The plurality of genetically modified sensors are genetically modified in a non-correlated manner so that different subsets of sensors are configured to provide a different affinity to different chemicals. The transducer array, comprises a plurality of pixels, wherein different subsets of the plurality of genetically modified sensors are coupled to different pixels so as to cause the pixels to provide outputs dependent upon the genetic modification of the subset of sensors coupled to the pixel. Detection of one or more chemicals by one or more of the genetically modified sensors causes an identifiable output signal to be provided by the transducer array.

The present invention relates to a method for measuring an exercise, in which method the electrical signals caused by active muscles are measured with a measuring device and response is given from the physical performance with a perceivable signal. In the method in accordance with the invention by measuring and analyzing EMG activities of muscles or EMG activities of muscles and movements of the body quantities describing the physical performance and/or the result of the physical performance are calculated or evaluated.

The present invention relates to a method for measuring an exercise, in which method the electrical signals caused by active muscles are measured with a measuring device and response is given from the physical performance with a perceivable signal. In the method in accordance with the invention by measuring and analyzing EMG activities of muscles or EMG activities of muscles and movements of the body quantities describing the physical performance and/or the result of the physical performance are calculated or evaluated.

The invention provides a monitoring device (1) for attachment to a surface of a subject. The device comprises a data collector (2) and a processor (3) as two separate parts which can be detachably joined such that physiological signals which are detected by the data collector can be transferred to the processor for signal processing and provision of monitoring data. At least one of the data collector and the processor comprises a transducer which can convert the physiological signal to a data signal which can be processed electronically. The data collector is adapted for adhesive contact with a skin surface, and may comprise an adapter (6) for the detachable attachment of the processor.

A method for providing electrical stimulation to a user as a user performs a set of tasks during a time window, the method comprising: providing an electrical stimulation treatment, characterized by a stimulation parameter and a set of portions, to a brain region of the user in association with the time window; for each task of the set of tasks: receiving a signal stream characterizing a neurological state of the user; from the signal stream, identifying a neurological signature characterizing the neurological state associated with the task; and modulating the electrical stimulation treatment provided to the brain region of the user based upon the neurological signature, wherein modulating comprises delivering a portion of the set of portions of the electrical stimulation treatment to the brain region of the user, while maintaining an aggregate amount of the stimulation parameter of the treatment provided during the time window below a maximum limit.

Systems and methods for digital signal processing using a sliding windowed infinite Fourier transform (“SWIFT”) algorithm are described. A discrete-time Fourier transform (“DTFT”) of an input signal is computed over an infinite-length temporal window that is slid from one sample in the input signal to the next. The DTFT with the temporal window at a given sample point is effectively calculated by phase shifting and decaying the DTFT calculated when the temporal window was positioned at the previous sample point and adding the current sample to the result.

Assemblies, systems, and methods are directed at a neuromonitoring bone drill bit. The assembly may include a surgical bone drill bit, a neuromonitoring connection in electrical communication with the drill bit, and a shield extending over a distal end of the drill bit. The shield may be configured to withdraw proximally as the drill bit is advanced into a subject's bone. The assembly may be connected to a surgical drill and used in a surgical spinal procedure. In operation, the assembly may be advanced to a subject's bone at a surgical site and the drill bit may rotate into the subject's bone. In response, the shield may engage the bone and the drill bit may be advanced with respect to the shield. The shield may electrically insulate tissue from electrical current passing through the drill bit as it is inserted at the surgical site.

Aspects relate to apparatuses and methods for individualized polygraph testing. The apparatus including at least an interface configured to communicate questions to the user, at least a sensor configured to detect biofeedback signals as a function of a biofeedback of a user, wherein the biofeedback is associated with at least an answer to at least a question, and at least a computing device including at least a processor and a memory communicatively connected to the at least a processor, the memory containing instructions configuring the at least a processor to receive the biofeedback signals, generate a user state classifier, train the user state classifier as a function of a user state training set, wherein the user state training set includes biofeedback signals correlated to answers of known veracity, and classifying a biofeedback signal of the biofeedback signals to a user state as a function of the user state classifier.

Collision avoidance and postural stability adjustment may provide an effective dual task paradigm to interpret the effect of proprioceptive adaptation on balance control. However, conventionally tasks are physical tasks performed under supervision in specific set up environments. Implementations of the present disclosure provide methods and systems for interpreting neural interplay involving proprioceptive adaptation in a lower limb during a dual task paradigm. The disclosed method provides a better interpreting of the neuronal mechanisms underlying adaptation and learning of skilled motor movement and to determine the relationship of lower limb proprioceptive sense and postural stability by simulating integration of a Single Limb Stance (SLS) functionality test for postural stability and a single limb collision avoidance task, in an adaptive Virtual Reality (VR) environment provided to a subject.

Collision avoidance and postural stability adjustment may provide an effective dual task paradigm to interpret the effect of proprioceptive adaptation on balance control. However, conventionally tasks are physical tasks performed under supervision in specific set up environments. Implementations of the present disclosure provide methods and systems for interpreting neural interplay involving proprioceptive adaptation in a lower limb during a dual task paradigm. The disclosed method provides a better interpreting of the neuronal mechanisms underlying adaptation and learning of skilled motor movement and to determine the relationship of lower limb proprioceptive sense and postural stability by simulating integration of a Single Limb Stance (SLS) functionality test for postural stability and a single limb collision avoidance task, in an adaptive Virtual Reality (VR) environment provided to a subject.