A method for providing electrical stimulation to a user, the method comprising: providing an electrical stimulation device, in communication with a controller, at a head region of the user; with the electrical stimulation device, providing a stimulation treatment having a waveform configured for neuromodulation in the user; with the controller, performing an adjustment to the stimulation treatment, wherein performing the adjustment includes: generating a transformed waveform with application of a transfer function to the waveform, wherein the transfer function scales the waveform and selectively attenuates extreme waveform values while maintaining a frequency characteristic of the waveform in the transformed waveform; and applying the transformed waveform with the electrical stimulation device, thereby modulating the stimulation treatment.

A head set (2) comprises a brain electrical activity (EEG) sensing device (3) comprising EEG sensors (22) configured to be mounted on a head of a wearer so as to position the EEG sensors (22) at selected positions of interest over the wearers scalp, the EEG sensing device comprising a sensor support (4) and a flexible circuit (6) assembled to the sensor support. The sensor support and flexible circuit comprise a central stem (4a, 6a) configured to extend along a center plane of the top of the head in a direction from a nose to a centre of the back of a wearers head, a front lateral branch (4b, 6b) configured to extend across a front portion of a wearer's head extending laterally from the central stem, a center lateral branch (4c, 6c) configured to extend across a top portion of a wearer's head essentially between the wearer's ears, and a rear lateral branch (4d, 6d) configured to extend across a back portion of a wearer's head. The sensor support (4) comprises a base wall (401) and side walls (402) extending along edges of the base wall to form an essentially flat U shaped channel (403) in which the flexible circuit (6) is inserted and the base wall comprise EEG sensor orifices (404) to allow access to the EEG sensor contacts or electrodes on the flexible circuit.

Dream stage enhancement uses a headband with EEG-EOG sensors, onboard processors, memory, coarse and fine time REM waveform detection modules, LEDs and an audio playback unit. After normalization to the user's EEG waveforms, the user's EEG-EOG signals are processed, REM and NREM stages detected and light, sound or AV stimuli are presented to the user based upon user-supplied light-sound-AV stimuli commands. To provide a reality check control (RCC), the head unit has a user actuatable RC interface whereby during sleep, RC stimuli are presented when the user depresses the RCC control which plays back the user supplied stimulus. In a learning mode, the user selects Recall or No Recall (NR) after the sleep period. If NR, then the system changes the color of light stimuli, light intensity, flash, audio sound type, audio intensity, and AV. If Recall the user supplied stimuli commands are carried out.

A method is presented for forming a nanowire electrode. The method includes forming a plurality of nanowires over a first substrate, depositing a conducting layer over the plurality of nanowires, forming solder bumps and electrical interconnections over a second flexible substrate, and integrating nanowire electrode arrays to the second flexible substrate. The plurality of nanowires are silicon (Si) nanowires, the Si nanowires used as probes to penetrate skin of a subject to achieve electrical biopotential signals. The plurality of nanowires are formed over the first substrate by metal-assisted chemical etching.

A method is presented for forming a nanowire electrode. The method includes forming a plurality of nanowires over a first substrate, depositing a conducting layer over the plurality of nanowires, forming solder bumps and electrical interconnections over a second flexible substrate, and integrating nanowire electrode arrays to the second flexible substrate. The plurality of nanowires are silicon (Si) nanowires, the Si nanowires used as probes to penetrate skin of a subject to achieve electrical biopotential signals. The plurality of nanowires are formed over the first substrate by metal-assisted chemical etching.

A system for detecting bioelectrical signals of a user comprising: a set of sensors configured to detect bioelectrical signals from the user, each sensor in the set of sensors configured to provide non-polarizable contact at the body of the user; an electronics subsystem comprising a power module configured to distribute power to the system and a signal processing module configured to receive signals from the set of sensors; a set of sensor interfaces coupling the set of sensors to the electronics subsystem and configured to facilitate noise isolation within the system; and a housing coupled to the electronics subsystem, wherein the housing facilitates coupling of the system to a head region of the user.

A system for imaging an airway for assessing obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) can include first and second ultrasound transducer arrays on first and second body members, respectively, configured to adhere the first and second ultrasound transducer arrays at first and second fixed positions on a neck while ultrasound scanning. A processor circuit can be coupled to the first and second ultrasound transducer arrays, the processor circuit configured to operate the first and second ultrasound transducer arrays for pulse-echo imaging of a soft tissue-airway interface to generate respective first and second volumetric ultrasound image data sets in real-time to provide an integrated volumetric image of the soft tissue-airway interface from the first and second fixed positions on the neck.

Apparatus for obtaining ophthalmic electrophysiological, pupillometry and psychophysical responses from a test subject, the apparatus comprising: a housing comprising a curved surface; a dichoptic stimulator mounted to the curved surface of the housing, the dichoptic stimulator comprising a left eye stimulator for delivering a visual stimulus to the left eye of the test subject and a right eye stimulator for delivering a visual stimulus to the right eye of the test subject, whereby to evoke an electrophysiological response in the test subject; a pair of cameras mounted to the curved surface of the housing, wherein the pair of cameras comprises a left eye camera for obtaining images of the left eye and a right eye camera for obtaining images of the right eye of the test subject; and an indicator box for recording a psychophysical response to at least one of the visual stimulus to the left eye and the visual stimulus to the right eye.

Apparatus for obtaining ophthalmic electrophysiological, pupillometry and psychophysical responses from a test subject, the apparatus comprising: a housing comprising a curved surface; a dichoptic stimulator mounted to the curved surface of the housing, the dichoptic stimulator comprising a left eye stimulator for delivering a visual stimulus to the left eye of the test subject and a right eye stimulator for delivering a visual stimulus to the right eye of the test subject, whereby to evoke an electrophysiological response in the test subject; a pair of cameras mounted to the curved surface of the housing, wherein the pair of cameras comprises a left eye camera for obtaining images of the left eye and a right eye camera for obtaining images of the right eye of the test subject; and an indicator box for recording a psychophysical response to at least one of the visual stimulus to the left eye and the visual stimulus to the right eye.

Disclosed is a method for constructing a sensory space of an individual, including: the individual performing a sensory evaluation with at least 4 basic stimuli representative of the sense to be studied, the stimuli having an intensity (or power or level) lower than or in the vicinity of the detection threshold of the sense to be studied; recording signals relating to at least one physiological indicator having reacted during the stimuli; extracting physiological parameters from the recorded signals of the at least one physiological indicator; identifying physiological parameters differentiating the physiological responses; constructing a sensory space based on the physiological responses (PRSS) from the identified differentiating physiological parameters by statistical treatment.