A vagus nerve stimulation system for mammals includes signal generating, conditioning, and control electronics, stimulation monitoring electronics, and a collar coupling apparatus configured for coupling energy emitters anatomically proximal to the cervical branch of the vagus nerve. Collar coupling apparatus includes multiple, position-stabilizing anti-rotation bodies, at least one position verification indicator, and a movable car housing energy emitter circuits or an inductive energy transducer. Two energy modalities are available via electrodes for electrical stimulation and induction-powered haptic emitters for vibrational stimulation. In an advanced configuration, a stimulation transducer produces inductive energy transmitted to an energy receiver-emitter package percutaneously introduced in the subcutaneous layer proximal to the vagus nerve target. Subcutaneous energy receiver-emitters include electrical and haptic variants, both having magnetic compositions which enable spatial position matching with external transducers using Hall sensor technology. In the haptic receiver-emitter variant, a magnetic composition produces haptic stimulation via electromagnetic induction from the external transducer. A further configuration includes an RFID tag in the subcutaneously deposited energy receiver-emitter package. A modularized configuration offers selectable, interchangeable energy emitter packages for electric and haptic stimulation. Stimulation control electronics are comprised within an external computerized device having a GUI for user parameterization of stimulation. A closed loop stimulation variant operates according to algorithmic programming incorporating cardiorespiratory sensor feedback and divisional monitoring of autonomic nervous system indicia and sensor actigraphy.

An intravascular catheter for peri-vascular nerve activity sensing or measurement includes multiple needles advanced through supported guide tubes (needle guiding elements) which expand with open ends around a central axis to contact the interior surface of the wall of the renal artery or other vessel of a human body allowing the needles to be advanced though the vessel wall into the perivascular space. The system also may include means to limit and/or adjust the depth of penetration of the needles. The catheter also includes structures which provide radial and lateral support to the guide tubes so that the guide tubes open uniformly and maintain their position against the interior surface of the vessel wall as the sharpened needles are advanced to penetrate into the vessel wall. The addition of an injection lumen at the proximal end of the catheter and openings in the needles adds the functionality of ablative fluid injection into the perivascular space for an integrated nerve sending and ablation capability.

Methods, systems, and apparatus for assessing a state of an epilepsy disease or a comorbidity thereof are provided. The methods comprise receiving at least one autonomic index, neurologic index, stress marker index, psychiatric index, endocrine index, adverse effect of therapy index, physical fitness index, or quality of life index of a patient; comparing the at least one index to at least one reference value; and assessing a state of an epilepsy disease or a body system of the patient based on the comparison. A computer readable program storage device encoded with instructions that, when executed by a computer, perform the method described above is also provided. A medical device system capable of implementing the method described above is also provided.

The telemedicine system includes a gateway for transmitting monitoring information including a stimulation signal and a biosignal corresponding to the stimulation signal to a cloud; and a server for extracting the stimulation signal and the biosignal from the transmitted monitoring information, providing the extracted stimulation signal and biosignal as inputs of a pre-stored artificial intelligence machine learning algorithm-based stimulation control model, regenerating the biosignal as an output of the stimulation control model into a stimulation signal to be regulated for the balance between sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves, and feeding back the regenerated stimulation signal to a personalized vagus nerve stimulation and pulse electromagnetic field treatment device.

Method and system embodiments for operating a device implantable in a subject using ultrasonic waves are described. In some embodiments, a method is performed at the implantable device to receive ultrasonic waves including an operating mode command. Then, the implantable device sets an operating mode of the implantable device to one operating mode from a plurality of predetermined operating modes based on the operating mode command.

An intravascular catheter for nerve activity ablation and/or sensing includes one or more needles advanced through supported guide tubes (needle guiding elements) which expand to contact the interior surface of the wall of the renal artery or other vessel of a human body allowing the needles to be advanced though the vessel wall into the extra-luminal tissue including the media, adventitia and periadvential space. The catheter also includes structures which provide radial and lateral support to the guide tubes so that the guide tubes open uniformly and maintain their position against the interior surface of the vessel wall as the sharpened needles are advanced to penetrate into the vessel wall. Electrodes near the distal ends of the needles allow sensing of nerve activity before and after attempted renal denervation. In a combination embodiment ablative energy or fluid is delivered from the needles in or near the adventitia to ablate nerves outside of the media while sparing nerves within the media.

Systems, methods, and devices for implementing cognitive behavioral therapy to help a subject to manage a psychiatric or mental condition of the subject are provided. Interactive digital reality (DR) activities are provided through an interactive DR scene, each configured for a subject to practice a specific reframing technique. In some embodiments, a method also includes providing one or more additional psychotherapeutic or psychoeducational techniques. Through the practice of satisfying conditions associated with each interactive DR activity, the systems, methods, and devices help a subject to manage a psychiatric or mental condition of the subject, such as by getting better at recognizing and/or challenging an anxious thought as the thought occurs, and/or by reframing the anxious thought into more a different thought using the interactive DR scene.

Methods, system and apparatus for identifying an extreme epileptic state/event in a patient are provided. In one aspect, at least two seizure events are identified. At least one inter-seizure interval (ISI) value related to the at least two seizure events are determined. The ISI value is compared to at least one reference value. An occurrence of an extreme seizure event is determined based upon the comparison of the determined ISI value to the at least one reference value. In another aspect, a first seizure event is detected. At least one body index affected by the first seizure event is determined. A second seizure event is detected. An occurrence of an extreme seizure event is determined based at least in part in response to a determination that the second seizure event occurred prior to the body index value returning to a reference value.

Through biological signal data analysis, heart rate variability information is found and represented on log-log axes, a quartic function is set for a waveform resulting from analysis of the information, and one of two types of gradient values obtained based on different criteria, i.e., a gradient (GI) between points of inflection and a gradient (GT) of a tangent at a point of inflection (a GI value and a GT value), is employed as a final analysis result, depending on the number of extreme values in the quartic function. A cardiac output influenced by two factors, i.e., nervous system regulation which influences a heart rate and an arterial blood pressure which influences a stroke volume, undergoes increases/decreases due to the respective two factors. However, owing to the employment of one of the GI value and the GT value, an increase/decrease in the influence of each of these two factors is reflected.

The present invention relates to the field of fragrances and aromas. More specifically, the present invention relates to methods for determining the medium term effects of an odor or aroma using an index that reveals the relaxing/stimulating (energizing, invigorating) properties of the odor or aroma on the autonomic nervous system.