The present invention relates to devices and methods of use thereof for detection of biomolecules, in vitro, in vivo, or in situ. The invention relates to methods of diagnosing and/or treating a subject as having or being at risk of developing a disease or condition that is associated with abnormal levels of one or more biomolecules including, but not limited to, inter alia, epilepsy, diseases of the basal ganglia, athetoid, dystonic diseases, neoplasms, Parkinson's disease, brain injuries, spinal cord injuries, and cancer. The invention also provides methods of differentiating white matter from gray matter. In some embodiments, regions of the brain to be resected or targeted for pharmaceutical therapy are identified using sensors. The invention further provides methods of measuring the neurotoxicity of a material by comparing microvoltammograms of a neural tissue in the presence and absence of the material using the inventive sensors.

A neurostimulation system provides for capture verification and stimulation intensity adjustment to ensure effectiveness of vagus nerve stimulation in modulating one or more target functions in a patient. In various embodiments, stimulation is applied to the vagus nerve, and evoked responses are detected to verify that the stimulation captures the vagus nerve and to adjust one or more stimulation parameters that control the stimulation intensity.

Methods and related systems for modulating neural activity by repetitively blocking conduction in peripheral neural structures with chemical blocking agents are disclosed. Methods and systems for reversing effects of chemical blocking agents and/or for producing substantially permanent conduction block are also disclosed.

The present disclosure discusses a method of manufacturing an implantable neural electrode. The method includes cutting a metal layer to form a plurality of electrode sites, contact pads and metal traces connecting the electrode sites to the contact pads. A first silicone layer including a mesh is formed and coupled to the metal layer. A second silicone layer is formed and laminated to the first silicone layer coupled with the metal layer. Holes are formed in the first or second silicone layer exposing the contact pads and electrode sites. Wires are welded to the exposed contact pads and a third layer of silicone is overmolded over the contact pads and wires.

Systems, devices and methods are provided for neuromonitoring, particularly neuromonitoring to reduce the risks of contacting or damaging nerves or causing patient discomfort during and after surgical procedures, including spinal surgeries. The neuromonitoring procedures include monitoring for the presence of or damage to sensory nerves, and optionally includes additional monitoring for motor nerves. In some systems, including systems that monitor for both sensory and motor nerves, components of the monitoring systems (e.g., stimulating electrodes and response sensors), may be combined with one or more surgical instruments. The systems, devices, and methods provide for pre-surgical assessment of neural anatomy and surgical planning, intraoperative monitoring of nerve condition, and post-operative assessment of nerve position and health.

Devices, systems and methods for treating medical disorders, such as migraine or other primary headaches, or fibromyalgia, by noninvasive electrical stimulation of a vagus nerve, used in conjunction with the measurement of evoked potentials (EPs). The system comprises a stimulator that is applied to the surface of the patient's neck to apply electrical impulses sufficient to stimulate a cervical vagus nerve, scalp electrodes that are used to measure EPs that are evoked by that stimulation, feedback or biofeedback circuits to vary the stimulation based upon EP characteristics, and other sensory stimulation modalities that produce EPs. The system is preferably used to optimize the placement of the stimulator, to test whether a patient is a suitable candidate for treatment using vagus nerve stimulation, and to select the stimulation parameters that optimized acute or chronic treatment, e.g., by correcting an EP habituation deficit.

A temperature sensor comprising a light emitter, an electrical circuit for applying a reverse bias voltage across the light emitter and for measuring a reverse current, and means for calculating a temperature from the measured reverse current.

Disclosed is a system and method for a system and method for an image processing-based approach has been developed for in vivo quantification of tissue and bodyfluid kinematics when certain human movements, physical loads and physiological stresses are experienced. Due to the absence of artificial or physical markers in those tissues or fluids during typical imaging (ultrasound, CT-scan or MRI), a virtual marker displacement and deformation scheme has been developed to measure movement and strain of both tissues and body fluids.

A biometric information display device includes a display controller configured to display a morphological image indicative of a morphology of a subject, on a display, an input controller configured to receive a designation of a specified position on the morphological image, a pathway generating section configured to generate a pathway based on the specified position on the morphological image, and a current extracting section configured to extract current components at a plurality of positions along the pathway, based on current information reconstructed based on magnetic field measurement data generated by the subject. The display controller displays the current components extracted along the pathway on the display.

Disclosed is a peripheral nerve fixing apparatus, which includes: a suction unit configured to provide a negative pressure to a peripheral nerve at an end portion thereof to fix the peripheral nerve; and a negative pressure generating unit having a vacuum pump for generating a negative pressure and connected to the suction unit so that the negative pressure is provided to the suction unit, wherein at one surface of the end portion of the suction unit, the suction unit includes: a fixing unit provided to contact the peripheral nerve to keep a stable fixed state; and a suction hole formed in the fixing unit so that the negative pressure is provided to the peripheral nerve therethrough.