Described herein are microelectrode array devices, and methods of fabrication, assembly and use of the same, to provide highly localized neural recording and/or neural stimulation to a neurological target. The device includes multiple microelectrode elements arranged protruding shafts. The protruding shafts are enclosed within an elongated probe shaft, and can be expanded from their enclosure. The microelectrode elements, and elongated probe shafts, are dimensioned in order to target small volumes of neurons located within the nervous system, such as in the deep brain region. Beneficially, the probe can be used to quickly identify the location of a neurological target, and remain implanted for long-term monitoring and/or stimulation.

The neural health or state of a subject is assessed. A recording is obtained of a compound action potential arising in neural tissue of the subject. The recording is processed to determine whether a profile of the recorded compound action potential is anomalous, such as by exhibiting doublets, peak broadening or deformation, or other anomaly. An indication is output regarding the neural state of the subject based on determined anomalies in the recorded compound action potential.

A system and methods for performing neurophysiology assessments during surgery, such as assessing the health of the spinal cord via at least one of MEP and SSEP monitoring and assessing bone integrity, nerve proximity, neuromuscular pathway, and nerve pathology during spine surgery.

A sensor including an array of pins, a sensing element, a control module, and a physical layer module. The array of pins or needles is configured to be inserted in tissue of a patient. The sensing element is separate from the array of pins or needles and is configured to (i) detect a first parameter of the tissue, and (ii) generate a first signal indicative of the first parameter. The control module is configured to (i) receive the first signal, (ii) monitor a second parameter of the tissue based on a second signal received from the array of pins or needles, and (ii) generate a third signal based on the first signal and the second parameter, where the third signal is indicative of a level of decompression of a nerve of the patient. The physical layer module is configured to wirelessly transmit the third signal from the sensor to a console interface module or a nerve integrity monitoring device.

Systems, devices, and methods for neuromuscular testing of ligamentous or soft tissue structures in mammals provide information (e.g., EMG feedback) about the status of neuromuscular function and reflex activity for, e.g., joint structures, in consideration of surgical or other procedures.

Systems and methods for non-invasive nerve stimulation are provided. A method for treating a patient with a medical condition comprises contacting an outer skin surface of a patient with a contact surface of a stimulator, generating an electrical impulse, and transmitting the electrical impulse from the stimulator transcutaneously through the outer skin surface to a nerve within the patient. The method further includes detecting a physiological parameter of the patient during the transmitting and modifying one or more parameters of the electrical impulse applied to the nerve based on the physiological parameter. The physiological parameters may include heart rate, heart rate variability, blood pressure, electrocardiogram (ECG), electroencephalogram (EEG), respiration depth, respiration rate, core temperature, hydration, brain function, oxygenation, skin impedance, skin temperature, pupil diameter, electrodermal activity, vagal artery blood flow and/or cerebral blood flow

A nerve integrity monitoring device includes a control module and a physical layer module. The control module is configured to generate a payload request. The payload request (i) requests a data payload from a sensor in a wireless nerve integrity monitoring network, and (ii) indicates whether a stimulation probe device is to generate a stimulation pulse. The physical layer module is configured to (i) wirelessly transmit the payload request to the sensor and the stimulation probe device, or (ii) transmit the payload request to a console interface module. The physical layer module is also configured to, in response to the payload request, (i) receive the data payload from the sensor, and (ii) receive stimulation pulse information from the stimulation probe device. The data payload includes data corresponding to an evoked response of a patient. The evoked response is generated based on the stimulation pulse.

The present invention provides a neurological disorders decision support system that can assist an examiner to diagnose an examinee. The neurological disorders decision support system includes a user module, a screening module, an intelligent calculation module and a diagnosis module. The user module sends an inquiry to the examinee, receives a response message from the examinee, and retrieves a physiological characteristic signal of the examinee. The screening module executes a neurological examination application program to indicate to the examinee to obtain physiological characteristic signals. The screening module outputs response messages and physiological characteristic signals for the intelligent calculation module to execute an algorithm to generate an analysis report. The analysis report assists the examiner for diagnosis, and sends a diagnosis notification to the user module through the diagnosis module. The invention also provides a neurological disorders decision support method.

Systems, devices and methods are provided for neuromonitoring, particularly neuromonitoring to reduce the risks of contacting or damaging nerves or causing patient discomfort during and after surgical procedures, including spinal surgeries. The neuromonitoring procedures include monitoring for the presence of or damage to sensory nerves, and optionally includes additional monitoring for motor nerves. In some systems, including systems that monitor for both sensory and motor nerves, components of the monitoring systems (e.g., stimulating electrodes and response sensors), may be combined with one or more surgical instruments. The systems, devices, and methods provide for pre-surgical assessment of neural anatomy and surgical planning, intraoperative monitoring of nerve condition, and post-operative assessment of nerve position and health.

Systems and methods provide stimulation of peripheral targets such as targets in the lower limbs. Electrode arrays realized in circumferential or longitudinal embodiments have pads with horizontal and/or vertical offsets. Electrode array geometries are customizable and adaptable to individual users and treatment of different disorders. Novel systems of customization include software and hardware implemented solutions. A single device can provide treatment of two or more disorders or unwanted states using selected electrode geometries and stimulation protocols. Systems and methods for assessment of candidate stimulation sites and protocols use subjective or objective measures or both to determine which meet stimulation success criteria. Simulation is provided using transcutaneous, percutaneous, or implantable stimulators. A main advantage is the improved treatment of pelvic floor disorders, and especially overactive bladder (OAB).