The present disclosure generally provides oral inserts useful for determining forces experienced by a user, such as a human user, to the head, for example, by measuring one or more of acceleration, velocity, displacement, or rotation. In some aspects, the disclosure provides oral inserts that, when worn properly by a human user, calculate the forces experienced by the user's head with high accuracy. In some aspects, the disclosure provides systems for detecting and calculating forces experienced by the user's head and to determine whether such forces are above a certain threshold indicative of increased concussion risk. In some aspects, the disclosure provides methods for calculating forces experienced by the user's head and determining whether such forces are above a certain threshold indicative of concussion.

The present invention generally relates to apparatus, software and methods for assessing ocular, ophthalmic, neurological, physiological, psychological and/or behavioral conditions. As disclosed herein, the conditions are assessed using eye-tracking technology that beneficially eliminates the need for a subject to fixate and maintain focus during testing or to produce a secondary (non-optical) physical movement or audible response, i.e., feedback. The subject is only required to look at a series of individual visual stimuli, which is generally an involuntary reaction. The reduced need for cognitive and/or physical involvement of a subject allows the present modalities to achieve greater accuracy, due to reduced human error, and to be used with a wide variety of subjects, including small children, patients with physical disabilities or injuries, patients with diminished mental capacity, elderly patients, animals, etc.

The present disclosure relates to a novel pupilometer and method of using the pupilometer to record and analyze direct and consensual reflex of pupils to identify brain lesion locations of a patient with brain injuries.

A non-invasive system and method are provided. Brain activity of a user is detected using a non-invasive brain interface when the user is exposed to an external stimulus. The user is determined to be negatively primed by the external stimulus based on the detected brain activity. An alert that the user is being negatively primed by the external stimulus is automatically provided. A tagged training session may be automatically provided to the user in response determining that the user has a negative mental state, thereby promoting a positive mental state of the user. A training session list containing the tagged training session may be automatically modified based on the determined mental state of the user.

A computer access control system includes a client electronic device configured to administer an alertness test to a user. A computer access controller is coupled to and configured to be actuated by the client electronic device.

In accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure, a method includes generating a plurality of icons, wherein each icon has a target frequency unique from each other, receiving brain activity data based on an epoch, generating a reference signal based on the epoch, calculating correlation coefficients between the brain activity data and the reference signal, wherein the correlation coefficients are calculated in a window that is within ±0.5 Hz of the target frequencies, including endpoints, determining a confidence score based on the correlation coefficients and the epoch, and determining a selected icon among the plurality of icons based on the correlation coefficients in response to the confidence score surpassing a threshold confidence score.

A non-invasive method of estimating intra-cranial pressure (ICP). The method including the steps of: a. non-invasively measuring pressure pulses in an upper body artery; b. determining central aortic pressure (CAP) pulses that correspond to these measured pressure pulses; c. identifying features of the ICP wave which denote cardiac ejection and wave reflection from the cranium, including Ejection Duration (ED) and Augmentation Index of Pressure (PAIx); d. non-invasively measuring flow pulses in a central artery which supplies blood to the brain within the cranium; e. identifying features of the measured cerebral flow waves which denote cardiac ejection and wave reflection from the cranium as Flow Augmentation Index (FAIx); f. calculating an ICP flow augmentation index from the measured central flow pulses; g. comparing the calculated ICP pressure augmentation index (PAIx) and flow augmentation index (FAIx) to measure (gender-specific) pressure and flow augmentation data indicative of a measured ICP to thereby estimate actual ICP; and h. noting any disparity between ED measured for pressure waves and ED measured for flow.

Provided herein are microelectrodes and methods of localizing and targeting the same. The microelectrodes include electrochemical or biological sensors, an array of electrical contacts along a long axis of the microelectrode, or both. The methods of localizing and targeting use statistical manipulations to reduce the errors inherent in spike train analyses.

Ultra-high field (“UHF”) magnetic resonance imaging (“MRI”) is used to localize the endopiriform nucleus (“EPN”) as a target for neuromodulation treatment. Single or multiple different image contrasts can be used to guide localization of the EPN. Treatment plan data are generated based on the localized EPN, and may include coordinate data, trajectory data, or both, for delivering neuromodulation treatment to the localized EPN.

Systems and methods are provided for evaluating a Parkinson disease (PD) condition or a progression thereof by using voice analysis, and for treating the PD condition. Evaluation of the PD condition or of the progression thereof may be performed instantly or over time by analyzing current voice samples of the PD subject and, optionally, historical voice samples that are stored in a data storage unit, determining pertinent voice characteristics of the PD subject based on the analysis of the voice samples, and evaluating the PD condition, or the progression thereof by comparing current voice characteristics to similar voice characteristics. Treating a PD condition may include, for example, adjusting a drug delivery parameter to a level that is treatment-wise beneficial, for example, in preventing or delaying the onset of “off” periods or shortening the duration of an “off” period, or ameliorating a Hypokinetic dysarthria (HD) symptom or another PD symptom.