A non-invasive method of estimating intra-cranial pressure (ICP). The method including the steps of: a. non-invasively measuring pressure pulses in an upper body artery; b. determining central aortic pressure (CAP) pulses that correspond to these measured pressure pulses; c. identifying features of the ICP wave which denote cardiac ejection and wave reflection from the cranium, including Ejection Duration (ED) and Augmentation Index of Pressure (PAIx); d. non-invasively measuring flow pulses in a central artery which supplies blood to the brain within the cranium; e. identifying features of the measured cerebral flow waves which denote cardiac ejection and wave reflection from the cranium as Flow Augmentation Index (FAIx); f. calculating an ICP flow augmentation index from the measured central flow pulses; g. comparing the calculated ICP pressure augmentation index (PAIx) and flow augmentation index (FAIx) to measure (gender-specific) pressure and flow augmentation data indicative of a measured ICP to thereby estimate actual ICP; and h. noting any disparity between ED measured for pressure waves and ED measured for flow.

A method and apparatus for stimulating neural activity in the brain of a user of an apparatus with a display screen by causing at least one portion of the display screen to flicker in a controlled manner and utilizing the apparatus to measure an effect on a user exposed to the flicker for a time.

Methods and systems for monitoring use, determining risk, and pricing insurance policies for a vehicle having one or more autonomous or semi-autonomous operation features are provided. According to certain aspects, with the customer's permission, a vehicle operator in an autonomous or semi-autonomous vehicle may be determined by a sensor disposed within the autonomous or semi-autonomous vehicle or a mobile computing device associated with the vehicle operator. A determination may be made as to whether the vehicle operator is authorized to operate the vehicle based upon the determined identity of the vehicle operator; and if the vehicle operator is not authorized, an alert may be generated and/or the vehicle may be caused to not operate. Alternatively, autonomous operation features may be automatically engaged to automatically drive the autonomous or semi-autonomous vehicle to a safe location when the operator is not authorized. Insurance discounts may be provided based upon the anti-theft functionality.

Methods and systems for monitoring use, determining risk, and pricing insurance policies for a vehicle having autonomous or semi-autonomous operation features are provided. In certain aspects, with the customer's permission, a computer-implemented method for updating an autonomous operation feature may be provided. An indication of a software update associated with the autonomous operation feature may be received, and several autonomous or semi-autonomous vehicles having the feature may be identified. The update may be installed within the several vehicles, such as via wireless communication. Also, a change in a risk level associated with the update to the autonomous operation feature may be determined, and an insurance discount may be determined or adjusted. As a result, an insurance discount may be provided to risk averse customers that affirmatively share their vehicle data with an insurance provider, and promptly and remotely receive new versions of software that operate autonomous vehicle safety features.

Embodiments herein relate to ear-wearable devices configured to detect patterns indicative of an occurrence, prodrome or sequelae of an anoxic or hypoxic neurological injury. In an embodiment, an ear-wearable device is included. The ear-wearable device can be configured to monitor signals from a microphone and/or a motion sensor to detect a pattern or patterns indicative of an occurrence of an anoxic or hypoxic neurological injury. In some embodiments, a method of monitoring an ear-wearable device wearer for an occurrence of an anoxic or hypoxic neurological injury is included. The method can include gathering signals from one or more of a microphone, a motion sensor, or another sensor of an ear-wearable device and monitoring the signals to detect a pattern or patterns indicative of an occurrence of an anoxic or hypoxic neurological injury. Other embodiments are also included herein.

Systems and methods for determining a predicted brain health of a first user and providing individualized health recommendations to the first user based at least in part on an artificial neural network trained on previously existing anatomical and functional neuroimaging information, behavioral information, self-reported information, and other types of information of a plurality of users. The artificial neural network may be capable of determining a predicted benchmark of brain health of the first user's information when compared with the previously existing users' information and storing the first user's anatomical and/or functional neuroimaging information, behavioral information, self-reported information, and other types of information in a database such that the artificial neural network can be re-trained based on the new information of the first user. The first user can be notified of his or her brain health and receive individualized health recommendations.

A system for spatially mapping neurons in brain tissue is disclosed which includes a source of light configured to be shone on a subject at a first wavelength causing emission of light at a second wavelength from generating calcium when one or more neurons are firing, an optical filter configured to allow passage of light having the second wavelength, an image capture device configured to capture images of the brain tissue at the second wavelength, and a processor with software configured to establish a spatial model for localizing one or more neurons where captured images are used to iteratively adjust parameters of the model to thereby minimize error between generated and captured images.

A brain-computer interface (BCI) includes a multichannel stimulator and a decoder. The multichannel stimulator is operatively connected to deliver stimulation pulses to a functional electrical stimulation (FES) device to control delivery of FES to an anatomical region. The decoder is operatively connected to receive at least one neural signal from at least one electrode operatively connected with a motor cortex. The decoder controls the multichannel stimulator based on the received at least one neural signal. The decoder comprises a computer programmed to process the received at least one neural signal using a deep neural network. The decoder may include a long short-term memory (LSTM) layer outputting to a convolutional layer in turn outputting to at least one fully connected neural network layer. The decoder may be updated by unsupervised updating. The decoder may be extended to include additional functions by transfer learning.

According to an embodiment, a method for diagnosing traumatic brain injury (TBI) in a subject may include repeatedly measuring heart rate variability (HRV) in the subject and a plurality of HRV altering variables; calculating an HRV fingerprint based on the subject's measured HRV and the measured plurality of HRV altering variables; generating a predicted HRV of the subject based on the HRV fingerprint; and diagnosing a TBI in the subject when the measured HRV of the subject deviates from the predicted HRV of the subject.

A stroke detection system operative to detect strokes suffered by mobile communication device users, the system including a hardware processor operative in conjunction with a mobile communication device having at least one built-in sensor. The hardware processor is configured to, repeatedly and without being activated by the device's user, compare data derived from the at least one sensor to at least one baseline value for at least one indicator of user well-being, stored in memory accessible to the processor and/or make a stroke risk level evaluation; and/or perform at least one action if and only if the stroke risk level is over a threshold.