Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for generating a mental health prediction for a patient using a centrality ranking of the brain of the patient. One of the methods includes obtaining brain data of a patient, wherein the brain data comprises, for each of a plurality of pairs of parcellations formed from a set of parcellations where each pair comprises a first parcellation and a second parcellation, data characterizing a number of tracts connecting the first parcellation and the second parcellation; determining a network graph from the brain data; generating, for each of a plurality of nodes in the network graph, a measure of centrality of the node; determining a centrality ranking of the plurality of nodes of the network graph according to the respective measures of centrality; generating a mental health prediction for the patient using the determined centrality ranking.

Provided here are non-invasive methods for evaluating functional connectivity patterns in localized brain regions of a patient involving application of a MS-specific functional meta-analytic connectivity model in resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) data to provide patients with appropriate medical care in response to output from the model.

An explainable artificial intelligence system includes a processor that visualizes and provides a diagnosed result, a decision-making structure which is description information for describing a basis for the diagnosis, a description of at least one second brain wave feature, and an importance of the at least one second brain wave feature.

Preferred embodiments of the present invention provide an apparatus and method for providing information needed for dementia diagnosis. In the apparatus and method in accordance with preferred embodiments of the present invention, an MRI brain image and a PET brain image of a subject for diagnosis are received, the MRI brain image is divided into a plurality of regions, and then the MRI brain image is registered with the PET brain image. Then, a standardized uptake value ratio of each divided region is obtained from the registered image, and for each divided region, a standard value indicating the degree of proximity of a standardized uptake value ratio of the subject for diagnosis to the average value of the standardized uptake value ratios of the group of the Alzheimer’s patients and the average value of the standardized uptake value ratios of the normal group, which are stored in advance, is obtained.

There are provided an information output apparatus, an information output method, and an information output program capable of outputting information effective for diagnosis or evaluation of dementia. In a case where a brain area having a high atrophy rate is input, the information output apparatus can output a test item highly relevant to the input brain area using a first table T1 that stores the relevance between a plurality of divided brain areas of a brain image and a plurality of test items of a dementia diagnostic test. In addition, in a case where a test item of interest is input, a brain area highly relevant to the input test item can be output.

In some embodiments, a display system comprising a head-mountable, augmented reality display is configured to perform a neurological analysis and to provide a perception aid based on an environmental trigger associated with the neurological condition. Performing the neurological analysis may include determining a reaction to a stimulus by receiving data from the one or more inwardly-directed sensors; and identifying a neurological condition associated with the reaction. In some embodiments, the perception aid may include a reminder, an alert, or virtual content that changes a property, e.g. a color, of a real object. The augmented reality display may be configured to display virtual content by outputting light with variable wavefront divergence, and to provide an accommodation-vergence mismatch of less than 0.5 diopters, including less than 0.25 diopters.

The purpose of the present invention is to diagnose a neurological disease such as dementia by using virtual reality, and the present invention receives a neurological disease-diagnosing problem from an external device, displays a virtual reality image through a display on the basis of the received neurological disease-diagnosing problem, and performs an examination using the virtual reality image according to user actions detected through various sensors. This process can be performed when linked with an external device such as a PC or a smart phone. Particularly, with respect to the neurological disease-diagnosing problem, the present invention includes: a first screen for introducing at least one object in a virtual reality space and hiding the same; and a second screen having a question on the hidden object. According to the present invention, neurological disease such as dementia can be conveniently examined without inconveniencing or burdening a patient.

The present invention discloses indicator fluids, reference indicator fluid, and usage thereof, and systems and methods for assessing movement of molecular substances within, to or from a cerebrospinal fluid, brain or spinal cord compartment of a human cranio-spinal cavity. Indicator fluid moving from the cerebrospinal fluid compartment enables measurements of levels of indicator fluid in blood or urine and assessment of the cranio-spinal cavity's ability to remove molecular substances. The indicator fluids may be contrast agents used for imaging, such as by computed tomography imaging, and magnetic resonance imaging, or imaging utilizing radioactive substances by positron emission tomography, single-photon emission computed tomography or scintigraphy. Using these imaging modalities, the invention describes indicator fluids, systems and methods enabling assessment of movement of substances within, to or from a cerebrospinal fluid, brain or spinal cord compartment of a cranio-spinal cavity, and from the human cranio-spinal cavity to lymphatic pathways or kidneys.

A closed-loop controlled chemical apparatus includes: a compound sensor including: an analyte sensor and that: produces, by the analyte sensor, a voltage signal; a reference sensor in electrical communication with the analyte sensor; a transistor including a gate terminal such that a drain current of the transistor is maintained at a constant value and operated at an optimal transduction condition of peak sensitivity and minimum noise of the transistor; a feedback controller in electrical communication with the transistor and that: receives a transduction signal; determining a deviation of the transduction signal from a setpoint, the setpoint determined by transfer characteristics of the transistor; produces the feedback control signal that minimizes the deviation of the transduction signal from the based on a control model; and communicates the feedback control signal to the reference sensor for suppression of electrical noise fluctuations in the closed-loop controlled chemical apparatus.

A method for classifying input data includes receiving the input data that describe an object, wherein the input data corresponds to plural classes; associating the input data with voxels that describe the object; calculating a real-number sequence X(n), which is associated with a measured parameter P that describes the object; quantizing the real-number sequence X(n) to generate a finite set sequence Q(n), where n describes a number of levels; generating a voxel-based weight matrix for each class of the input data; and calculating a score S for each class of the plural classes, based on a corresponding voxel-based weight matrix. The score S is a number that indicates a likelihood that the input data associated with a given sample belongs to a class of the plural classes.