An apparatus includes an interface and a processor. The interface is configured to receive one or more magnetic-positioning signals from one or more position sensors coupled to one or more body-surface patches attached to a body of a patient, the magnetic-positioning signals indicative of respective positions of the position sensors. The processor is configured to (i) detect an inadvertent stimulation of a phrenic nerve of the patient, which occurs due to cardiac pacing applied by an intra-cardiac electrode in a heart of the patient, (ii) estimate, based on the magnetic-positioning signals, a motion of one or more of the body-surface patches occurring during the detected stimulation of the phrenic nerve, (iii) estimate, based on the estimated motion of the body-surface patches, a distance between the pacing electrode and the phrenic nerve, and (iv) send an output derived from the estimated distance to the output device.

Display device for displaying sub-surface structures including acquisition apparatus to acquire images of at least part of the user's body or an object from acquisition signals defining a pre-determinable multispectral radiation band, display to make at least one image accessible to an operator in real time, a processor to coordinate the acquisition apparatus and display and extract, from the images, reference signals including first surface and/or sub-surface localization points defined by the part of the body or object, a database operationally connected to the processor including a plurality of models of sub-surface structures of the part of the body or object, each defining predetermined configurations of second localization points. The processor compares models with reference signals and selects one model having second localization points matching more with the first localization points, and the display makes accessible the model selected so the operator can see the sub-surface structure.

A system and related methods for performing nerve detection during surgical access using ultrasound testing during surgery.

A system and method for delivering a medicament to a target tissue site in a patient over a period of time. A catheter is configured for implantation in different target tissue sites and extends from a proximal end to a distal end and has a sidewall which defines an internal lumen. The distal end has one or more apertures either in the sidewall or at a distal end for the release of the medicament into the target tissue site; the system also comprises a medicament reservoir fluidly communicable with the internal lumen of each catheter, an adhesive member configured to adhere to the skin of the patient around the exit wound and having an opening therein to allow the catheters to pass through the adhesive member and a retaining member configured to be overlaid on the adhesive member and comprising a guide surface configured to receive a length of the two or more catheters and a plurality of retaining portions to retain the catheters against the guide surface.

In general, devices, systems, and methods for multi-source imaging are provided.

An endoscope based system is configured to provide one or more procedure guidance features. The endoscope is paired with an image processing device that performs object detection and other analysis on captured images, and displays an interface to users that includes various visual guidance combined with endoscopic images. Interfaces displayed in different modes may indicate the location and extent of energy delivery tracked by the system, may guide placement of implant devices, may identify the location of nerves within tissue, and may provide step-by-step guidance for navigating the endoscope to certain anatomy. In some implementations, a removable and replaceable sheath may be coupled to the endoscope, and may enable one or more functional features of the endoscope while maintaining a sterile barrier. Sheaths may include an embedded memory that stores procedure configurations and procedure results.

A system and related methods for performing nerve detection during surgical access using ultrasound testing during surgery.

A method of optimally placing spinal cord stimulator (SCS) leads includes acquiring components of somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs), compound action potentials and triggered EMG; analyzing the waveforms; and quantifying waveform features in a single display such that a surgeon can quickly and easily determine optimal placement (as it relates to laterality and level of placement on the spinal cord) of SCS leads in a patient under general anesthesia without additional expert help.

A mono-layer electrode sensor suitable for a multitude of electrophysiology testing applications is disclosed. The electrode sensor can include a mono-layer of conductive film shaped with a soft-form geometry that is modifiable to a targeted size tailored to a patient. The conductive film includes a sensing area that is complementary to a size and morphology of a body structure of the patient. The conductive film can have a connector coupled to the sensor, and the skin adherent side can have a bio-compatible hydrogel coated there over including a non-conductive material formed over the connector portion of the conductive film.

An access device for accessing an intervertebral disc having an outer shield comprising an access shield with a larger diameter (˜16-30 mm) that reaches from the skin down to the facet line, with an inner shield having a second smaller diameter (˜5-12 mm) extending past the access shield and reaches down to the disc level. This combines the benefits of the direct visual microsurgical/mini open approaches and the percutaneous, “ultra-MIS” techniques.