Electromagnetic (EM) tissue ablation device comprising an EM field generator unit, at least two coaxial elongated elements (i.e. an external one and an internal one) and a mechanism for varying the EM field, wherein said internal element is a part of said generator and said mechanism being adapted to vary the EM field for a specific tissue area.

A method includes providing a graphical representation of a surgical site, grasping the tissue of the patient with first and second jaw members of an end effector including a location sensor, illuminating optical light into the grasped tissue at the first jaw member, receiving the optical light that has passed through the grasped tissue, at the second jaw member, processing the received light to identify a vessel, which is encompassed within the grasped tissue, receiving location information of the end effector from the location sensor, synchronizing a location of the identified vessel within the graphical representation based on the location information, and displaying the identified vessel at the synchronized location in the graphical representation.

Disclosed is a dilating incision device, which relates to a surgical tool and includes an outer shell, a dilating element and an incision assembly. The dilating element that is arranged at one end of the outer shell and communicated with the inside of the outer shell is used to drill into and expand a stenosis segment of the pancreatic or biliary duct or a puncture path between lumens of the digestive tract. A sliding groove is formed in a side wall of the outer shell, by which the inner cavity of the outer shell is communicated with the outside. The incision assembly includes an incision knife arranged in the outer shell and a sliding handle housing the outer shell. An intercommunicating hole is formed in one end of the dilating element, by which the inner cavity of the dilating element is communicated. with the outside.

A method includes providing a graphical representation of a surgical site, grasping the tissue of the patient with first and second jaw members of an end effector including a location sensor, illuminating optical light into the grasped tissue at the first jaw member, receiving the optical light that has passed through the grasped tissue, at the second jaw member, processing the received light to identify a vessel, which is encompassed within the grasped tissue, receiving location information of the end effector from the location sensor, synchronizing a location of the identified vessel within the graphical representation based on the location information, and displaying the identified vessel at the synchronized location in the graphical representation.

A method includes providing a graphical representation of a surgical site, grasping the tissue of the patient with first and second jaw members of an end effector including a location sensor, irradiating a laser onto the grasped tissue at the first jaw member, detecting laser speckle data from the grasped tissue at the first jaw member, processing the laser speckle data to identify a vessel which is encompassed within the grasped tissue by generating a laser speckle image, receiving location information of the end effector from the location sensor, synchronizing a location of the identified vessel within the graphical representation based on the location information, and displaying the identified vessel at the synchronized location in the graphical representation.

A method includes providing a graphical representation of a surgical site, grasping the tissue of the patient with first and second jaw members of an end effector including a location sensor, irradiating a laser onto the grasped tissue at the first jaw member, detecting scattered laser that has passed through the grasped tissue, at the second jaw member, processing the scattered laser to calculate a first frequency shift and to identify a vessel which is encompassed within the grasped tissue, receiving location information of the end effector from the location sensor, synchronizing a location of the identified vessel within the graphical representation based on the location information, and displaying the identified vessel at the synchronized location in the graphical representation.

A reverse retropulsion device can include a lithotripter, a collection passage, and an energy directing device. The lithotripter can be configured to deliver energy to tissue located at a tissue forming region. The collection passage can be positionable at or near the body lumen. The energy directing device can be positionable near the lithotripter and the collection passage. The energy directing device can be configured to propel the tissue toward the collection passage.

A biliary diagnostic device comprises a tubular body comprising an outer wall and an internal lumen, and a biliary diagnostic sensor comprising for analyzing biological matter in contact with the tubular body. A method of guiding an endoscope to a bile duct comprises inserting the endoscope into a duodenum, engaging a sensor with biological matter, electrically analyzing biological matter with the sensor to identify an electrical parameter, identifying liver bile in the biological matter from the electrical parameter, and guiding the endoscope through the duodenum based on the bile. A method of identifying biological matter comprises engaging a medical device sensor with biological matter in a bile duct, electrically analyzing biological matter with the sensor to identify an electrical parameter, identifying biological matter from a liver, pancreas or gall bladder from the electrical parameter, and outputting indicia of the biological matter to a user of the medical device.

A system includes a surgical instrument configured to perform a laparoscopic surgical operation, a location sensor configured to identify a spatial relationship between an anatomical structure and the surgical instrument, and a processor configured to receive a graphical representation of a patient, determine proximity of the distal end portion of the surgical instrument with the anatomical structure of the patient based on the spatial relationship, and generate a warning based on the determination of proximity.

A device a catheter includes a lumen extending therethrough, the catheter being sized and shaped to extend through an endoscopic shaft to a target tissue within a living body. The device also includes a puncturing device sized and shaped to extend through the lumen of the catheter and distally out a distal end of the catheter. The device further includes at least one of the catheter and the puncturing device including an electrode formed thereon. The electrode is energizable from a handle of the device so that, when the puncturing device is extended distally out the distal end of the catheter. The electrode may be energized as the device punctures the target tissue.