A conventional flow tube for a metabolic cart is usually a straight length of pipe whose inner diameter is fixed by the respiratory burden imposed by the flow tube on the user, with a smaller diameter imposing a higher respiratory burden. The ratio of the straight flow tube's length to diameter is fixed by fluid dynamics, so increasing the flow tube's diameter causes the flow tube's length to increase. As the flow tube gets longer, it exerts more torque on the user's neck and jaw, creating discomfort. Reducing the flow tube's length causes an undesired increase in the respiratory burden but increasing the flow tube's diameter to reduce the respiratory burden makes the flow tube less comfortable, making the flow tube unconformable, hard to breathe through, or both. Bending the flow tube, e.g., in an L shape, makes it possible to increase the flow tube's propagation length without increasing the flow tube's lever arm length.

Pupillometry systems for measuring pupillary characteristics of a patient are shown and described. The pupillometry systems include at least one camera, and a computer system in data communication with the at least one camera, the computer system having a processor and a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium includes computer-readable instructions for collecting and time stamping the image data, processing the raw image data in such a way as to bring the images into conformance with standardized image parameters, identifying and measuring the one or more pupils in the image data, processing the image data to produce measurement data of change in the one or more pupillary characteristics, calculating a standardized output of measurement data for the one or more pupillary characteristics, and providing a mechanism to share or store this information with other users via a computer network.

An electronic stethoscope uses a contact sensor to confirm continuous contact with a patient. A recording of body sounds is begun while a timer is initiated. Upon a signal from the timer, recording is terminated. The duration of the timer may be set remotely by a practitioner. Additionally, the contact sensor may require a minimum level of force as an implicit indication that the stethoscope is firmly stationary. Once a valid measurement is recorded, it is analyzed in comparison to a baseline. Artificial intelligence is used to select the appropriate from a database of sampled data. Bootstrapping is used to develop additional data sets and Random Forest algorithm is used to select the appropriate baseline from the data. The current recording is analyzed with respect to the AI selected baseline. A display on the electronic stethoscope displays analyzed results as well as providing the visual aspect of a user interface.

An apparatus for estimating core body temperature of an object is provided. The apparatus may include: a first temperature sensor configured to measure a surface temperature of an object; a second temperature sensor configured to measure a surface temperature of a material, which is positioned between the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor; and a processor configured to obtain a heat flux based on the surface temperature of the object and the surface temperature of the material, configured to estimate a wrist temperature of the object based on the obtained heat flux and the surface temperature of the object, and configured to estimate core body temperature of the object based on the estimated wrist temperature of the object and a heat loss coefficient between a core and a wrist.

A computer access control system includes a client electronic device configured to administer an alertness test to a user. A computer access controller is coupled to and configured to be actuated by the client electronic device.

Systems and methods for an improved dosimeter for measuring dosage for photodynamic therapy treatment are provided. An example systems includes a dosimeter comprising a variable optical filter system configured to receive a second light, the second light comprising luminescence produced by singlet oxygen and one or more background signal and selectively transmit the luminescence and the one or more background signals as a third light, the variable optical filter system comprises a plurality of optical bandpass filters that are switchable to selectively transmit the luminescence and the one or more background signals. The dosimeter also includes a photoreceiver configured to receive the third light and configured to generate electrical output signals corresponding to the luminescence and the one or more background signals, the electrical output signals being indicative of an amount of the singlet oxygen produced based on activating the photosensitizer.

A wearable sensor for real-time human body temperature measurement is provided. The wearable sensor includes a substrate, a first electrode on the substrate, a second electrode on the substrate, the second electrode being spaced apart from the first electrode, and a sensing film on the substrate. The sensing film is electrically and/or spatially disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode. A resistance between the first electrode and the second electrode changes in response to a change in temperature surrounding the sensing film.

An apparatus for monitoring a sleep parameter of a user includes an adhesive pad configured to conform to a surface of the user and a flexible element coupled to the adhesive pad. The flexible element includes a conductive fabric, and exhibits a modified electrical property in response to an applied force. The apparatus also includes a power source electrically coupled to the flexible element, and an electrical circuit electrically coupled to the power source and the flexible conductive element. The electrical circuit is configured to detect, during use, a change in an electrical property of the flexible element.

In an embodiment, a method (100) is described. The method comprises receiving (102) data corresponding to an ambient-corrected image of a subject illuminated by an illumination unit (206) providing temporally modulated illumination with a modulation frequency that is higher than a frame acquisition rate used by an imaging device (204) to obtain a set of images having a different spatial intensity modulation pattern in each image. The ambient-corrected image is constructed from the obtained set of images. The method (100) further comprises determining (104) a signal-to-noise ratio, SNR, of at least a portion of the ambient-corrected image. In response to determining that the SNR is below a target SNR, the method causes (106) an indication of an illumination parameter to be sent to the illumination unit to increase an amplitude modulation depth of the temporally modulated illumination used to illuminate the subject while the imaging device acquires a subsequent set of images for constructing a subsequent ambient-corrected image.

The present invention relates to sleepiness assessment. In order to provide a more accurate measure to predict OSA severity, an apparatus is provided for sleepiness assessment. The apparatus comprises an input unit, a processing unit, and an output unit. The input unit is configured to receive data indicative of an activity currently performed by a user. The processing unit is configured to determine, based on the activity currently performed by the user, a current situation the user is engaging in. The processing unit is configured to determine whether the current situation matches one of a plurality of pre-determined situations used for situational sleepiness assessment. In response to the determination that the current situation matches one of the plurality of predetermined situations, the processing unit is configured to send a notification to the user for a self-report of a user's current subjective sleepiness level and/or obtain a user's current objective sleepiness level from sensor data. The processing unit is further configured to generate, based on the determined situation and the user's current subjective and/or objective sleepiness level, a situational sleepiness profile indicative of a sleep disturbance on daytime sleepiness in specific situations. The output unit is configured to provide the generated situational sleepiness profile, which is preferably useable to support sleep apnea diagnostics.