Simplification of complex input strings is utilized for user convenience, such that the user may input a complex input string in lieu of performing an external calculation and inputting the result thereof. The simplification identifying at least one operator in the complex input string indicative of a mathematical operation, identifying a first sub-string and a second sub-string in the input string, comparing the first sub-string to an expectation identification associated with the input field to determine a significance of the first sub-string, comparing the first sub-string to a range expectation associated with said significance to determine if the first sub-string meets the range expectation, and calculating a simplified input string by performing the mathematical operation on the first sub-string and the second sub-string.

In a question generating device, a reader reads a document and generates a document image. An extracting section extracts an original form character part on the basis of a marked character part included in the document image. The original form character part represents an original form of a plurality of candidate character parts that are candidate answers to a question generated from the document image. A setting section sets as the plurality of candidate character parts, the original form character part and at least one character part formed by either or both adding a character to and deleting a character from the original form character part. A selecting section selects a candidate character part of the highest priority from among the plurality of candidate character parts. A generating section generates the question using the candidate character part of the highest priority as the answer.

In a general aspect, a superconducting quantum circuit system is modeled. In some aspects, a graph representing a quantum circuit system is generated. The graph includes vertices and edges; the edges represent circuit elements of the quantum circuit system, and the vertices represent physical connections between the circuit elements. Inverse inductances, conductances, capacitances, and junction inverse inductances are assigned to respective edges of the graph based on a lumped-element approximation of the quantum circuit system. A coordinate system is determined based on the graph, and a matrix representation of the system is determined based on the coordinate system. A Hamiltonian for the quantum circuit system is determined using the matrix representation, and the quantum circuit system is simulated based on the Hamiltonian.

A method, computer system, and a computer program product for automatic equation transformation from text is provided. The present invention may include receiving a text document. The present invention may then include identifying a mathematical formula expressed in the received text document. The present invention may then include removing a plurality of superfluous language from the received text document based on the identified mathematical formula. The present invention may also include transforming the identified mathematical formula into a symbolic representation based on a trained model. The present invention may finally include outputting the symbolic representation.

A computer implemented method includes receiving one or more data sequences and formula sequences, each formula referencing one or more of the data values of the data sequences; providing a GUI enabling a user to define a pattern including at least one data element representing a data sequence and at least one formula element representing a formula sequence, the GUI enabling the user to define the spatial relationship of the data elements and formula elements in the pattern, applying the pattern on a canvas of an electronic document multiple times, thereby filling canvas elements mapped to a data element with data values and filling canvas elements mapped to a formula element with formulas or formula results, until all data values of one of the data sequences or all formulas of one of the formula sequences have been filled once into the canvas.

An information processing method includes causing an electronic apparatus to display an arithmetic setting frame in a screen of a display of the electronic apparatus. The method further includes causing the electronic apparatus to send, to outside of the electronic apparatus, mathematical expression data on a mathematical expression formed in the arithmetic setting frame by at least a part of coordinate icons being selected by a user operation. The method further includes executing an arithmetic operation based on the mathematical expression data sent from the electronic apparatus, and sending, to the electronic apparatus, arithmetic result data of the mathematical expression as a result of the arithmetic operation. The method further includes causing the electronic apparatus to display an arithmetic result of the mathematical expression based on the arithmetic result data in the screen.

The present invention automatically replaces in an assessment response a string of mathematical symbols determined to be ambiguous with an unambiguous string of mathematical symbols. An editing tool may receive an assessment response from a client over a communication network. The assessment response may comprise i) a text with a mathematical meaning and ii) a string of mathematical symbols. The text and the string of mathematical symbols represent different non-overlapping characters in the assessment response. The editing tool may match the string of mathematical symbols with a known ambiguous string of mathematical symbols and determine the mathematical meaning in the text of the assessment response. The editing tool may replace the string of mathematical symbols determined to be ambiguous with an unambiguous string of mathematical symbols to generate an updated assessment response. The editing tool may transmit the updated assessment response to the client for display.

Disclosed is an information added document preparation device including: a selection unit configured to select an addition format to be used when predetermined additional information is added to an original document; and an information adding unit configured to prepare a document in which the predetermined additional information is added to the original document in the addition format selected by the selection unit, wherein the selection unit selects the addition format in which the document prepared by the information adding unit satisfies a predetermined layout condition, among a plurality of addition formats which are previously prepared.

User input in an imprecise syntax (e.g., expressed using natural language and/or informal terminology) is received, the user input including a query requesting information determinable by a formula and one or more indications of parameter values corresponding to the formula. The user input is analyzed to determine the formula with the one or more parameter values integrated into the formula. An answer to the query is calculated using the determined formula, and electronic display information is generated that, when displayed by a display device, renders an indication of the answer.

An image processing apparatus includes: a document reading section that reads an image from an original document; a character recognizing section that preforms processing for subjecting image data obtained by reading of the image by the document reading section to character recognition; a conversion section that performs, using a recognition result of the character recognizing section, conversion of the image data obtained by reading by the document reading section to data available within predetermined application software; and a determination section that determines whether or not a text represented by the recognition result of the character recognizing section contains a predetermined keyword. When the determination section determines that the text contains the predetermined keyword, the conversion section performs the conversion in a limitedly editable format, whereas when the determination section determines that the text does not contain the predetermined keyword, the conversion section performs the conversion in a freely editable format.