Disclosed is a magnetically inductive flow measuring probe for determining flow rate and/or flow velocity of a medium, which includes a front part with a front end having a center, a housing, a magnetic field producing means arranged in the housing for producing a magnetic field passing through the front end, and a measuring- and evaluation unit, and characterized in that there are arranged on the front end and forming galvanic contact with the medium three measuring electrodes, which form three measuring electrode pairs, and in that the measuring- and evaluation unit is adapted to register induced measured voltages between at least two measuring electrode pairs, especially three measuring electrode pairs, and to ascertain flow rate and/or flow velocity of the medium as a function of the registered voltages.

Method, system, apparatus, and/or device for determining when the dewar is filled with a medium. The fill gauge level apparatus includes a cylindrical body. The cylindrical body has a base on one end, a flange on an opposite open end and a cavity. The fill gauge level apparatus includes a fill gauge level device. The fill gauge level device is coupled to the cylindrical body and is positioned within the cavity. The fill gauge level devices includes a sensor for measuring a medium within a shipper. The fill gauge level devices includes an indicator. The indicator provides an indication when the medium has been filled to a threshold level within the shipper.

Aspects relating to an ink container for an image reproduction device are described herein. The ink container includes a body and an electrical connection. The body is formed by molding a polymer material having a metal seed layer. The electrical connection is formed by metallizing a plurality of traces in the metal seed layer. The electrical connection extends from an inside wall of the ink container to an outer wall. A width of the electrical connection on the inside wall of the ink container gradually varies from a bottom of the ink container to a rim.

A toner amount detector detects an amount of toner in a toner bottle. The toner amount detector includes at least one pair of electrodes disposed opposite each other via the toner bottle, grounding members disposed outboard of the at least one pair of electrodes and electrically grounded, circuitry to switch a first detection processing and a second detection processing, and an indicator to indicate that a positional deviation of the at least one pair of electrodes has occurred. The grounding members face the at least one pair of electrodes. The first detection processing detects the amount of toner based on a first capacitance between the at least one pair of electrodes, and the second detection processing detects a positional deviation based on a second capacitance between each of the grounding members and a corresponding one of the at least one pair of electrodes.

A method for measuring a liquid includes the steps of providing a microfluidic device which is configured to contain a liquid to be measured and include a plurality of predetermined measurement regions, wherein a plurality of photosensors are disposed at the plurality of predetermined measurement regions, irradiating light of constant intensity onto the microfluidic device so that at least one photosensor of the plurality of photosensors receives light passing through the liquid, acquiring a plurality of photocurrent values output by the plurality of photosensors, and measuring the physical parameters of the liquid according to the plurality of photocurrent values.

Disclosed is a probe unit for a capacitive and/or conductive apparatus for determining and/or monitoring of at least one process variable of a medium in a containment, comprising a rod-shaped probe body, which is embodied in the form of a hollow body, especially with a cylindrical wall, and which has an internal volume, at least one ring-shaped electrode placeable, especially releasably, around the wall of the probe body, and at least one securement unit, which is embodied to secure the at least one electrode, especially releasably, at a predeterminable position on the probe body. Further disclosed is an apparatus for capacitive and/or conductive determining and/or monitoring of at least one process variable of a medium in a containment and having a probe unit of the present disclosure.

A sensor adapter for a device for determining and/or monitoring at least one process variable of a medium in a container with a measuring probe, comprising: at least one adapter measuring probe with at least one adapter electrode, an adapter housing with structure for detachably fastening the sensor adapter on the device, and a contacting unit for the electrical contact of at least one electrode of the device with at least one adapter electrode of the sensor adapter.

A method for determining a volume of fluid dispensed into a test housing includes creating an electrical potential across at least one input electrode of a plurality of input electrodes and at least one output electrode of a plurality of output electrodes. The input electrodes and the output electrodes are each coupled to the test housing. The method includes receiving at least one signal from the at least one output electrode based on the fluid dispensed into the test housing. The method includes calculating the volume of fluid dispensed into the test housing based on the at least one signal received from the at least one output electrode, a dimension associated with an internal channel defined within the test housing, and a distance between two input electrodes of the plurality of input electrodes.

A fuel cell system includes a fuel cell stack, a gas liquid separator, a water level sensor, a drain valve, and a control unit. When a failure detection processing method is performed, a control unit makes a determination of main conditions where the water level sensor determines that water is present, a power generation current value of the fuel cell stack is not more than a predetermined current threshold value, a drain valve for discharging water in the gas liquid separator is open. Then, the control unit counts elapsed time when the main conditions are satisfied, and in the case where the main conditions are kept satisfied for the elapsed time which is larger than a time threshold value, the control unit determines that the water level sensor has a failure.

A method for determining a volume of fluid dispensed into a test housing includes creating an electrical potential across at least one input electrode of a plurality of input electrodes and at least one output electrode of a plurality of output electrodes. The input electrodes and the output electrodes are each coupled to the test housing. The method includes receiving at least one signal from the at least one output electrode based on the fluid dispensed into the test housing. The method includes calculating the volume of fluid dispensed into the test housing based on the at least one signal received from the at least one output electrode, a dimension associated with an internal channel defined within the test housing, and a distance between two input electrodes of the plurality of input electrodes.