A method of dewatering a hydrocarbon storage tank carrying a first fluid layer that includes a first hydrogen concentration and a second fluid layer that includes a second hydrogen concentration includes receiving, from a sensor and by a processor communicatively coupled to the sensor, a value representing an amount of backscattered neutrons sensed by the sensor. The sensor is attached to a surface of a wall of the tank adjacent a fluid outlet of the storage tank. The sensor is configured to sense neutrons backscattered from the first fluid layer and an interface layer. The method includes comparing, by the processor, the value to a threshold, and actuating, by the processor, a valve fluidically coupled to the outlet of the storage tank to drain the first fluid layer from the storage tank while preventing the interface layer from leaving the storage tank.

The present disclosure relates to a method for determining a remaining operating period of a detector unit for a radiometric, density- or fill-level measuring device. The detector unit includes a photomultiplier. In such method, the control voltage of the photomultiplier is registered over at least one predetermined time period, a time rate of change function is ascertained based on control voltage registered during the predetermined time period, and the remaining operating period until reaching a maximum control voltage is calculated by means of the time rate of change function and a current control voltage, which is present at the current operating time. The method of the present disclosure permits approximation of the remaining operating period of the detector unit and, thus, timely learning of when required maintenance measures, especially aging related replacement of the photomultiplier, must be performed.

The present disclosure relates to a method for determining a remaining operating period of a detector unit for a radiometric, density- or fill-level measuring device. The detector unit includes a photomultiplier. In such method, the control voltage of the photomultiplier is registered over at least one predetermined time period, a time rate of change function is ascertained based on control voltage registered during the predetermined time period, and the remaining operating period until reaching a maximum control voltage is calculated by means of the time rate of change function and a current control voltage, which is present at the current operating time. The method of the present disclosure permits approximation of the remaining operating period of the detector unit and, thus, timely learning of when required maintenance measures, especially aging related replacement of the photomultiplier, must be performed.

A method for compensating a measurement deviation of a first scintillator and/or a photodetector of a radiometric fill level measuring device is provided, including detecting, by a second scintillator, radioactive emissions from the second scintillator; transmitting, in response to radioactive emissions, a first light signal from the first scintillator and a second light signal from the second scintillator, the first light signal being different from the second light signal; receiving, by the photodetector, the first light signal from the first scintillator and the second light signal from the second scintillator, and converting the light signals into electrical signals; comparing the electrical signals with deposited reference signals by means of a comparator; and adjusting the gain of the photodetector in response to comparing the electrical signals and stored reference signals. A radiometric fill level measuring device for fill level measurement, for density measurement, and/or for mass flow measurement is also provided.

Substance level of a container at a moment may be measured. Filtered substance level for the moment may be determined based on multiple substance levels of the container at multiple moments preceding the moment. An occurrence of a measurement disruption event at the moment may be detected based on the substance level being smaller than the filtered substance level and the difference between the substance level and the filtered substance level exceeding a difference threshold. Responsive to detection of the occurrence of the measurement disruption event, the substance level may be calibrated.

Substance level of a container at a moment may be measured. Filtered substance level for the moment may be determined based on multiple substance levels of the container at multiple moments preceding the moment. An occurrence of a measurement disruption event at the moment may be detected based on the substance level being smaller than the filtered substance level and the difference between the substance level and the filtered substance level exceeding a difference threshold. Responsive to detection of the occurrence of the measurement disruption event, the substance level may be calibrated.

A method detects a level of a melt contained by an oscillating mold. The method includes a) sensing radiation interacted with the melt and generating from the sensed radiation radiation signals, such that the generated radiation signals are varied by the mold oscillation, b) determining a radiation signal variation of the generated radiation signals, c) determining an oscillation deflection variation of the oscillating mold, and d) determining from the determined oscillation deflection variation and the determined radiation signal variation, the level of the melt.

A method detects a level of a melt contained by an oscillating mold. The method includes a) sensing radiation interacted with the melt and generating from the sensed radiation radiation signals, such that the generated radiation signals are varied by the mold oscillation, b) determining a radiation signal variation of the generated radiation signals, c) determining an oscillation deflection variation of the oscillating mold, and d) determining from the determined oscillation deflection variation and the determined radiation signal variation, the level of the melt.

Substance level of a container at a moment may be measured. Filtered substance level for the moment may be determined based on multiple substance levels of the container at multiple moments preceding the moment. An occurrence of a measurement disruption event at the moment may be detected based on the substance level being smaller than the filtered substance level and the difference between the substance level and the filtered substance level exceeding a difference threshold. Responsive to detection of the occurrence of the measurement disruption event, the substance level may be calibrated.

Substance level of a container at a moment may be measured. Filtered substance level for the moment may be determined based on multiple substance levels of the container at multiple moments preceding the moment. An occurrence of a measurement disruption event at the moment may be detected based on the substance level being smaller than the filtered substance level and the difference between the substance level and the filtered substance level exceeding a difference threshold. Responsive to detection of the occurrence of the measurement disruption event, the substance level may be calibrated.