A dynamometer test unit configured for use in a vehicle dynamometer system for dynamometer testing of a vehicle, the dynamometer test unit being configured to be connected to a wheel shaft of a vehicle, the dynamometer test unit comprising a power source having a stator and a rotor and being configured to, during testing, apply torque to a wheel shaft of the vehicle being tested, the power source being carried by a stator support, the stator being journaled in relation to the stator support, the dynamometer test unit further comprising means for measuring torque comprising an elastic strip, wherein the elastic strip connects the stator to the stator support, thereby restraining relative rotational movement between stator and stator support, and configured to transfer force between the stator and stator support, the elastic strip being firmly secured in a manner such that it is subjected to homogenous tensile prestress in a longitudinal direction of the elastic strip.

An axle assembly for a bicycle includes an axle having an inner wall extending along a length of the axle between a first end and a second end of the axle. The inner wall at least partially defines a first volume and a second volume within the axle. The first volume has a first diameter, and the second volume has a second diameter that is greater than the first diameter. The first volume is closer than the second volume to the first end of the axle. The axle assembly also includes a sensor attached to the inner wall of the axle within the second volume of the axle.

A highly accurate torque sensor is provided by reducing the size of the shape. A torque sensor comprises a fourth structure and a fifth structure provided between a first structure and a second structure, a first strain sensor provided on the fourth structure, and a second strain sensor provided on the fifth structure. Each of the fourth structure and the fifth structure comprises a first connection section connected to one end of the first strain sensor or the second strain sensor, a second connection section connected to the other end of the first strain sensor or the second strain sensor, and a third connection section and a fourth connection section provided between the first connection section and the second connection section and possessing stiffness lower than the first connection section and the second connection section.

A torque sensor assembly is used with a driveline component. The torque sensor assembly includes a holder, a sleeve, and at least one strain sensor. The holder includes a side wall that has a holder outer surface and a holder inner surface. The holder outer surface is corresponding to and attached to an aperture of the driveline component. The sleeve is corresponding to and attached to the holder inner surface. The strain sensor is attached to a sleeve inner surface of the sleeve and used to sense a strain in the driveline component.

An annular body includes a base portion and a resistance wire located in the base portion and including first and second resistance wire portions. The first resistance wire portion includes first regions arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction and each including a region in which a first portion extending in a direction including components in both the radial direction and the circumferential direction is repeatedly provided in the circumferential direction. The second resistance wire portion includes the second regions arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction and each including a region in which a second portion extending in a direction including components in both the radial direction and the circumferential direction is repeatedly arranged in the circumferential direction.

A strain gauge assembly includes: a strain gauge comprising a plurality of resistive elements connected as a Wheatstone bridge or half Wheatstone bridge; an excitation signal generator arranged to provide an excitation signal to two resistive elements of the strain gauge; phase shifting circuitry arranged to determine phase shifts in the excitation signal responsive to changes in resistance of the two resistive elements and an end stage configured to output a measure indicative of the phase shift as an indication of strain on the assembly.

A sensing membrane includes a first main surface forming a top of the sensing membrane, a plurality of measurement transducers formed over the first main surface, a second main surface opposite to the first main surface and forming a bottom of the sensing membrane, and a thickening element formed below the second main surface opposite to the measurement transducers.

A torque-sensor strain beam structure and a torque sensor are provided. The torque-sensor strain beam structure comprises an external ring, a connecting hub and at least two strain beams. The external ring has a first joint. The connecting hub is located in the external ring and arranged coaxially with the external ring. The connecting hub has a second joint. A first end of each of the at least two strain beams is fixedly connected to an inner wall of the external ring and a second end of each of the at least two strain beams is fixedly connected to the connecting hub. A strain grid is provided on each of the at least two strain beams. A load inputting point is located at the first joint or the second joint. Arrangement of the torque-sensor strain beam structure allows the torque sensor to have smaller volume while having higher measurement sensitivity.

An integrated circuit is described herein that includes a semiconductor substrate. First and second piezoresistive sensors are on or in the substrate where each have a respective sensing axis extending in first and second directions respectively parallel with a surface of the substrate, where the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. A third piezoresistive sensor is on or in the substrate and has a respective sensing axis extending in a third direction parallel with the surface of the substrate and neither parallel nor perpendicular to the first and second directions.

The invention relates to a method for adjusting a piezoelectric torque sensor of a measuring apparatus, which can be part of a test bench, for determining a torque applied to a test piece due to a force flux, wherein the measuring apparatus comprises a piezoelectric torque sensor and a second torque sensor based on a different measuring principle which is designed to continuously detect static torques, wherein the measuring apparatus is configured such that both torque sensors measure torques in the force flux, whereby a target measurement signal of the piezoelectric torque sensor is determined on the basis of a torque measurement by the second torque sensor, and whereby the detected measurement signal of the piezoelectric torque sensor is adjusted and output on the basis of the determined target measurement signal.