Surface sensing methods for imaging a scanned surface of a sample via sum-frequency vibrational spectroscopy are disclosed herein. The methods include exposing a sampled location of the scanned surface to a visible light beam and exposing the sampled location to a tunable infrared beam such that the tunable infrared beam is at least partially coincident with the visible light beam. The methods also include varying a frequency of the tunable infrared beam an inducing optical resonance within an imaged structure that extends at least partially within the sampled location. The methods further include receiving at least a portion of an emitted light beam from the sampled location and scanning the visible light beam and the runnable infrared beam across the scanned portion of the scanned surface. The methods also include generating an image of the scanned portion of the scanned surface based upon the receiving and the scanning.

Spectrometer for analyzing the spectrum of a Brillouin scattered light including input means receiving the scattered light, and selecting means for selecting and separating specific multiple frequency components of the scattered light. The selecting means has at least one main input, and at least an optical detector is coupled to the selecting means for measuring the intensity of the different frequency components and reconstructing the spectrum profile of the scattered light. The selecting means include an optical integrated circuit having at least one optical ring resonator of a first type having an input waveguide for receiving the light from the input means, a closed loop waveguide having an effective refractive index n.sub.eff, and an output waveguide. The selecting means further have at least a modulator element of the effective refractive index n.sub.eff coupled to the closed loop waveguide of the optical ring resonator of the first type.

An optical system has an illumination optical assembly, a detection optical assembly, a wavefront shaping device, and a controller. The illumination optical assembly focuses interrogating optical radiation to a focal point on or in a sample. The interrogating optical radiation propagates to the focal point along a first optical axis. The detection optical assembly direct optical radiation emanating from the focal point to a detector. The emanating optical radiation propagates from the focal point along a second optical axis. The wavefront shaping device is disposed in an optical path of the interrogating optical radiation or in an optical path of the emanating optical radiation. The controller sets a configuration of the wavefront shaping device to correct for aberration. The first optical axis is at a non-zero angle with respect to the second optical axis.

Surface sensing methods for imaging a scanned surface of a sample via sum-frequency vibrational spectroscopy are disclosed herein. The methods include exposing a sampled location of the scanned surface to a visible light beam and exposing the sampled location to a tunable infrared beam such that the tunable infrared beam is at least partially coincident with the visible light beam. The methods also include varying a frequency of the tunable infrared beam an inducing optical resonance within an imaged structure that extends at least partially within the sampled location. The methods further include receiving at least a portion of an emitted light beam from the sampled location and scanning the visible light beam and the runnable infrared beam across the scanned portion of the scanned surface. The methods also include generating an image of the scanned portion of the scanned surface based upon the receiving and the scanning.

This disclosure provides systems and methods for mapping and/or measuring a mechanical property of a medium. The mechanical property can be measured by Brillouin spectroscopy. The systems and methods can include a three-dimensional imaging modality that is co-registered with a Brillouin probe beam of a Brillouin spectrometer. The three-dimensional imaging modality can be optical coherence tomography or Scheimpflug camera imaging.

An optical system has an illumination optical assembly, a detection optical assembly, a wavefront shaping device, and a controller. The illumination optical assembly focuses interrogating optical radiation to a focal point on or in a sample. The interrogating optical radiation propagates to the focal point along a first optical axis. The detection optical assembly direct optical radiation emanating from the focal point to a detector. The emanating optical radiation propagates from the focal point along a second optical axis. The wavefront shaping device is disposed in an optical path of the interrogating optical radiation or in an optical path of the emanating optical radiation. The controller sets a configuration of the wavefront shaping device to correct for aberration. The first optical axis is at a non-zero angle with respect to the second optical axis.

The present invention relates to a method and system for analyzing mechanical signatures of a plurality of cells for metastatic detection. Specifically, a data set characterized by at least one metric (such as Brillouin frequency shift and/or Brillouin linewidth) representing a cell mechanical signature is acquired for the plurality of cells by using a label-free Brillouin spectroscopy. A merit function is calculated based on one or more statistical characteristics of the data set, such as sensitivity and specificity. Then, the plurality of cells can be classified to detect metastatic cells based on mechanical signatures provided by the data set and an optimal metric value delivering maximum to the merit function.

Systems and methods are provided for measuring the mechanical properties of ocular tissue, such as the lens or corneal tissue, for diagnosis as well as treatment monitoring purposes. A laser locking feedback system is provided to achieve frequency accuracy and sensitivity that facilitates operations and diagnosis with great sensitivity and accuracy. Differential comparisons between eye tissue regions of a patient, either on the same eye or a fellow eye, can further facilitate early diagnosis and monitoring.

The present invention relates to a method and system for a label-free cell analysis based on Brillouin light scattering techniques. Combined with microfluidic technologies according to the present invention, Brillouin spectroscopy constitutes a powerful tool to analyze physical properties of cells in a contactless non-disturbing manner. Specifically, subcellular mechanical information can be obtained by analyzing the Brillouin spectrum of a cell. Furthermore, a novel configuration of Brillouin spectroscopy is provided to enable simultaneous analysis of multiple points in a cell sample.

Surface sensing methods for imaging a scanned surface of a sample via sum-frequency vibrational spectroscopy are disclosed herein. The methods include exposing a sampled location of the scanned surface to a visible light beam and exposing the sampled location to a tunable infrared beam such that the tunable infrared beam is at least partially coincident with the visible light beam. The methods also include varying a frequency of the tunable infrared beam an inducing optical resonance within an imaged structure that extends at least partially within the sampled location. The methods further include receiving at least a portion of an emitted light beam from the sampled location and scanning the visible light beam and the runnable infrared beam across the scanned portion of the scanned surface. The methods also include generating an image of the scanned portion of the scanned surface based upon the receiving and the scanning.