An immunostaining method includes an irradiation process in which a specimen, which includes a target molecule including an electron donor, an antibody that is bound to the target molecule and that includes a generating agent for generating active species when irradiated with a first excitation light, and a pigment compound, is irradiated with the first excitation light; and in which the pigment compound and the electron donor are bound due to the active species generated from the generating agent when irradiated with the first excitation light.

Various embodiments may provide a method of illuminating a sample plane. The method may include providing an illumination subsystem, the illumination subsystem including an optical source and at least one lens, having an optic axis at an incident angle greater than 0° and less than 90° to a normal of the sample plane. The method may also include rotating the illumination subsystem about a pivot point between the optical source and the sample plane along the optic axis so that an adjusted illumination distribution generated by the illumination subsystem at the sample plane has greater symmetry compared to a reference illumination distribution generated by the illumination subsystem at the sample plane without the rotation about the pivot point.

The technology disclosed relates to classification of process cycle images to predict success or failure of process cycles. The technology disclosed includes capturing and processing images of sections arranged on an image generating chip in genotyping process. Image description features of production cycle images are created and given as input to classifiers. A trained classifier separates successful production images from unsuccessful or failed production images. The failed production images are further classified by a trained root cause classifier into various categories of failure.

A method for detecting a reversibly photoswitchable chemical species in a sample, includes the steps of: a) illuminating the sample with light suitable to be absorbed by the chemical species triggering a reaction affecting an optical property of the chemical species, the first light being periodically-modulated at a fundamental modulation frequency; b) measuring the evolution of the optical property; c) extracting at least one of an in-phase component at a frequency which is an even multiple of the fundamental modulation frequency; and a quadrature component at a frequency which is an odd multiple of the fundamental modulation frequency of a signal representing the evolution; and d) using the extracted component or components for detecting the chemical species. An apparatus for carrying out the method is also provided.

A method and device are provided for evaluating hair growth treatments by applying markers to a hair area at different times to measure pre-treatment hair volume and post-treatment hair volume. By comparing changes in hair volume within one or more hairs, an effectiveness of the hair regrowth treatment can be measured.

Provided herein are methods for inkjet printing objects, including objects which may be used as elements of microfluidic devices. The microfluidic devices incorporating the elements are also provided. Such microfluidic devices include those configured to quantify the expression and activity of exosomal matrix metalloprotease, MMP14. These microfluidic devices may be used in methods of monitoring breast cancer in patients having breast cancer.

An object of the present invention is to provide a method for measuring respiratory sensitization and a respiratory sensitization measuring reagent that can be used to evaluate a test substance for respiratory sensitization without using an animal. According to the present invention, there is provided a method for measuring respiratory sensitization, including reacting a N-(arylalkylcarbonyl)cysteine with a test substance; reacting an α-N-(arylalkylcarbonyl)lysine with the test substance; detecting the amount of each of the above compounds or a product thereof after the reaction by optical measurement; and determining respiratory sensitization from the ratio of the reactivity of the α-N-(arylalkylcarbonyl)lysine with the test substance to the reactivity of the N-(arylalkylcarbonyl)cysteine with the test substance or from the reactivity of the α-N-(arylalkylcarbonyl)lysine with the test substance.

This present disclosure relates to the use of syncytiotrophoblast-derived microvesicles for diagnosing and/or monitoring a subject with preeclampsia. Accordingly, this disclosure provides for methods for isolating, purifying, and/or detecting syncytiotrophoblast-derived microvesicles from a biological fluid of a pregnant subject. The present disclosure also provides kits for diagnosing a subject with preeclampsia, where the kit contains reagents useful for isolating, purifying, and/or identifying the syncytiotrophoblast-derived microvesicles in a biological sample and for detecting one or more biomarkers present on the surface of or within the syncytiotrophoblast-derived microvesicles.

The invention provides systems for characterizing a biological sample by analyzing emission of fluorescent light from the biological sample upon excitation and methods for using the same. The system includes a laser source, collection fibers, a demultiplexer and an optical delay device. All references cited herein are incorporated by reference in their entirety as though fully set forth. Unless defined otherwise, technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of-ordinary skill in the art in which this invention belongs.

Sensitive detection of IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 is important to assessing immune responses to viral infection or vaccination and immunity duration. Antibody assays using non-invasive body fluids such as saliva could facilitate mass testing including young children, elderly and those who resist blood draws, and easily allowing longitudinal testing/monitoring of antibodies over time. Here, we developed a new lateral flow (nLF) assay that sensitively detects SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in the saliva samples of vaccinated individuals and previous COVID-19 patients. The 25 minutes nLF assay detected anti-spike protein (anti-S1) IgG in saliva samples with 100% specificity and high sensitivity from both vaccinated (99.51% for samples ≥19 days post 1st Pfizer or Moderna mRNA vaccine dose) and infected individuals. Antibodies against nucleocapsid protein (anti-NCP) was detected only in the saliva samples of COVID-19 patients and not in vaccinated samples, allowing facile differentiation of vaccination from infection. Salivary SARS-CoV-2 anti-S1 IgG antibodies correlated with that in matched dried blood spot (DBS) samples measured by a quantitative pGOLD™ lab-test, showing similar evolution trends post vaccination. The new salivary rapid test platform is applicable to non-invasive detection of antibodies against infection and vaccination for a wide range of diseases.