A polymer material is contained in a sensing film of a sensor element having a quartz plate, an electrode made of a metal film provided on the quartz plate, and a sensing film provided on the electrode, and has a structural unit that contains one or more ethylene unsaturated bonds and is originated from a compound containing one or more functional groups reactive to a gas.

According to one embodiment, a sensor includes a sensor part including a first film. The first film includes a first element including at least one selected from the group consisting of Pd, Pt, and Au. The first film includes a first region, and a second region including a plurality of protrusions. A protruding direction of the protrusions is along a first direction from the first region toward the second region.

The ethylene sensor is formed from a substrate with a gold thin film layer formed thereon. The substrate may be formed from soda-lime glass with a thickness of approximately 1.0 mm. Correspondingly, the gold layer may have a thickness of approximately 200 nm. The gold layer is divided into first and second regions or electrodes by a variable impedance channel containing K.sub.0.003Au.sub.0.008Mg.sub.0.009Ca.sub.0.015Si.sub.0.11Na.sub.0.175O.sub.0.68 as an ethylene selective material. The channel may be configured such that first and second sets of interdigitated gold fingers are defined in the first and second regions or electrodes, respectively. An ohmmeter is connected to the first and second regions to measure a resistance therebetween. A reference resistance is initially measured that is indicative of an absence of ethylene. Subsequent measurements of the resistance are compared against this reference resistance, with variations in the measured resistance indicating the presence of ethylene.

According to one embodiment, a sensor includes a sensor element. The sensor element includes a first base body, a first fixed electrode fixed to the first base body, and a first structure body. The first structure body includes a first fixed portion fixed to the first base body, a first deformable portion supported by the first fixed portion, a first intermediate portion supported by the first deformable portion, and a first movable portion supported by the first intermediate portion. The first deformable portion includes a first deformed facing surface facing the first base body, and a first deformable surface. The first intermediate portion includes a first intermediate facing surface facing the first base body, and a first intermediate surface. The first deformable surface is possible to be deformed depending on a gas included in a space around the first structure body.

The present invention is directed to a sensing device including a plurality of capacitive sensors including carbon dots. Further provided is a method of using the sensing device of the invention, such as for determining the presence of an analyte or a specie of interest in a sample or at a target location.

Hydrogen gas sensor and methods and systems using same to quantitate hydrogen gas and/or assess hydrogen gas purity. In one embodiment, the hydrogen gas sensor may include a planar, electrically non-conductive substrate. A working electrode, a reference electrode, a first counter electrode, and a second counter electrode may be positioned on a top surface of the substrate. The working electrode and the second counter electrode may be made of platinum, the first counter electrode may be made of ruthenium oxide, and the reference electrode may be made of silver chloride. The first counter electrode may have a surface area considerably greater than that of the working electrode. A proton exchange membrane may be deposited over the working electrode, the reference electrode, and the first and second counter electrodes. The electrodes and proton exchange membrane may be enclosed within a housing having an aperture to allow gas to enter for analysis.

According to one embodiment, a sensor includes a sensor element. The sensor element includes a first base body, a first fixed electrode fixed to the first base body, and a first structure body. The first structure body includes a first fixed portion fixed to the first base body, a first deformable portion supported by the first fixed portion, a first intermediate portion supported by the first deformable portion, and a first movable portion supported by the first intermediate portion. The first deformable portion includes a first deformed facing surface facing the first base body, and a first deformable surface. The first intermediate portion includes a first intermediate facing surface facing the first base body, and a first intermediate surface. The first deformable surface is possible to be deformed depending on a gas included in a space around the first structure body.

According to one embodiment, a gas sensor includes a fixed electrode, and a film structure which covers the fixed electrode, forms a cavity inside the film structure, and includes a sensitive layer formed of an amorphous material containing a metal element, and a cap layer provided on the sensitive layer. The film structure is allowed to be deformed when the sensitive layer absorbs a predetermined gas.

According to various embodiments, there is provided an odor sensor including at least two sensor elements each having a substance adsorbing membrane for adsorbing one or more odor substances included in air; and an electrical signal conversion unit for measuring the electrical characteristics of the substance adsorbing membrane after adsorption of the substance, in which the substance adsorbing membrane has a main skeleton containing an electroconductive polymer and contains a dopant for modifying the main skeleton of the electroconductive polymer, and the at least two sensor elements are respectively provided with substance adsorbing membranes having different proportions of the main skeleton and the dopant. Also provided is an odor measurement system using the sensor.

According to one embodiment, a sensor includes a sensor part including a first film. The first film includes a first element including at least one selected from the group consisting of Pd, Pt, and Au. The first film includes a first region, and a second region including a plurality of protrusions. A protruding direction of the protrusions is along a first direction from the first region toward the second region.