A system and method for determining impurities in a beverage grade gas such as CO.sub.2 or N.sub.2 relies on a coupling of FTIR analysis and UV fluorescence detection. Conversion of reduced sulphur present in some impurities to SO.sub.2 can be conducted using a furnace. In some cases, CO.sub.2 % also is determined.

The device for electrochemically synthesizing intermediate species of a chemical entity which comprises an electrochemical oxidation cell including a first working electrode and a first counter electrode, capable, when these first electrodes are subject to an electric potential, of generating the intermediate species by oxidation of a solution introduced into the electrochemical oxidation cell and comprising the chemical entity, and an electrochemical stabilization cell including a second working electrode and a second counter electrode respectively distinct from the first working electrode and counter electrode, capable, when these second electrodes are subject to an electric potential, of achieving reduction of a solution. The stabilization cell is connected in series to the oxidation cell so as to allow continuous reduction of the intermediate species generated in the oxidation cell. Applications can be in the pharmaceutical, agri-food and environment fields.

A gas sensor including a housing containing a potassium permanganate element sandwiched between two polytetrafluoroethylene elements, a carbon element, a polytetrafluoroethylene element located adjacent to the carbon element, a sensing electrode, a reference electrode, and a counter electrode with attached current collectors, and an electrolyte.

Commercially available gas filters are too large for mobile form-factor gas sensors. These sensors require filters with planar dimensions in the millimeter range and thicknesses of 1 mm or less and combined with long term and harsh conditions survivability. Furthermore, custom filters made small enough to be applied onto mobile form-factor gas sensors are generally not specific enough to support multi-gas detection. This invention describes a novel structured filter: (1) derived from principles of macroscale gas separation columns, (2) made compact enough to be utilized at millimeter scale and microscale levels, and (3) made compatible with mobile requirements and some methodology for usage in micro gas spectroscopy platforms.

A combustion analyzer system includes an analyzer unit, a primary analysis probe and one or more remote probes. The analyzer unit includes a condensation removal unit and two or more electrochemical sensors to detect at least oxygen and carbon monoxide. The analyzer unit also includes a means for sealing or isolating the electrochemical sensor inputs to prevent oxidation of the reactive elements when the unit is not in use.

Methods and hydrogen sulfide (H.sub.2S) detecting apparatuses comprising a single reaction chamber defining a first volume, a single trapping chamber positioned adjacent to the reaction chamber defining a second volume, and an H.sub.2S-permeable membrane positioned between and separating the reaction chamber and the of trapping chamber, wherein the first volume is greater than the second volume.

A gas transport system includes at least one chemical reactor having at least one inlet and at least one gas outlet and at least one sample introduction unit for delivering the sample into the chemical reactor. The gas transport system at least one carrier gas line fluidly coupled to the chemical reactor inlet for introducing into the chemical reactor carrier gas from a carrier gas source, at least one gas outlet line from the chemical reactor gas outlet, and at least one gas recycling line connected to the gas outlet and/or the gas outlet line by a first gas line junction that is arranged between the chemical reactor and a downstream detection unit on the gas outlet line. The gas transport system is adapted to allow recycling of at least a portion of gas emerging from the chemical reactor outlet back to the chemical reactor via the gas recycling line.

A micromechanical sensor device and a corresponding manufacturing method. The micromechanical sensor device is equipped with a substrate which includes a diaphragm area, multiple sensor layer areas being formed on the diaphragm area, which have a particular structured sensor layer; and a particular electrode device, via which the sensor layer areas are electrically connectable outside of the diaphragm area, the sensor layer areas being structured in such a way that they have length and width dimensions of a magnitude between 1 and 10 micrometers.

A respiratory monitor is disclosed that includes features for conducting multiple pulmonary function tests in a single device and for detecting the presence of nitric oxide in exhaled breath. Also described is a mouthpiece that allows for separate inhalation and exhalation pathways and for filtering inhaled and exhaled breath for predetermined species prior to exhalation into the respiratory monitor. The monitor further allows for wired, wireless and network connectivity and for cloud-based systems for communicating and correlating pulmonary data as well as relevant environmental data and displaying the data for use by patients and health care professionals.

A method includes receiving a carrier with a plurality of wafers inside; supplying a purge gas to an inlet of the carrier; extracting an exhaust gas from an outlet of the carrier; and generating a health indicator of the carrier while performing the supplying of the purge gas and the extracting of the exhaust gas.