Perfume compositions having controlled spatio-temporal olfactory profiles are described. The disclosure also relates also to a method of measuring said spatial-temporal olfactory profiles of said compositions.

A measuring system for metering components of a gas mixture including gaseous phase materials has a sampling unit configured to selectively communicate with a pipe through which the gas mixture passes to sample the gas mixture from the pipe, a detection unit configured to separate and detect the gaseous phase materials included in the gas mixture sampled by the sampling unit into the components, a valve assembly including a plurality of valves to selectively bring the sampling unit into communication with the pipe or the detection unit. The plurality of valves cooperates to selectively perform a sampling connection operation of bringing the pipe and the sampling unit into communication with each other and a sampling interruption operation of interrupting the communication between the pipe and the sampling unit.

A thermal analysis of samples and proposes a device for a thermal analysis of a sample, having: a sample chamber for receiving a sample crucible including a crucible cover attached thereto, in the interior of which a sample to be analyzed is located, wherein the sample chamber has a chamber opening for introducing the sample crucible into the sample chamber; a temperature control mechanism for controlling the temperature of the sample chamber; a measuring mechanism for measuring a temperature of the sample and one or several further measured variables; a gas conveying mechanism for creating a gas atmosphere in the sample chamber; a chamber cover, which can be attached to the chamber opening of the sample chamber; and a piercing mechanism equipped with a needle, which is suitable to pierce a hole into the crucible cover of the sample crucible by means of the needle when the sample crucible is received in the sample chamber and when the chamber cover is attached to the chamber opening. A corresponding method for a thermal analysis of a sample, a sample crucible including a crucible cover, as well as a covering/piercing unit are further proposed as part of the invention.

A configuration is provided in which outside air is taken as a carrier gas into a carrier gas flow path (A, B). A CO.sub.2 sensor (specific gas detection sensor) (71) for detecting a CO.sub.2 gas desorbed from a sample is installed in a component gas detector (70). A CO.sub.2 sensor (air-containing specific gas detection sensor) (54) for detecting a CO.sub.2 gas contained in air taken into the carrier gas flow path by a blower fan (51) is installed separately. A CO.sub.2 gas detection amount detected by the air-containing specific gas detection sensor (54) is subtracted from a CO.sub.2 gas detection amount detected by the specific gas detection sensor (71) to calculate a detection amount of the CO.sub.2 gas desorbed from the sample.