A computer-implemented method for generating an aroma map is disclosed. The computer-implemented method includes learning one or more aromas associated with one or more items. The computer-implemented method further includes identifying a presence of an item within a venue based on comparing one or more aromas detected by one or more sensors located within the venue with one or more learned aromas associated with the item. The computer-implemented method further includes identifying a micro-location of the item based, at least in part, on a location of the one or more sensors which detected the aroma. The computer-implemented method further includes generating an aroma map geospatially indicating the micro-location of the item within the venue.

A device for detecting the presence of pollen in the air, including a measuring chamber isolated from external light, an arrangement configured to drive an air flow through the measuring chamber, and a light source emitting a light beam in a direction of propagation through the air flow, into the measuring chamber. The device includes at least four photosensitive sensors configured to measure the luminous flux diffused by the illuminated air flow, in four different directions, a clock, at least two meteorological sensors, and at least one computer capable of determining the nature of a pollen particle present in the air from the data measured by the photosensitive sensors, the clock and the meteorological sensors.

An electronic device for assessing a state of a product likely to transform by emission of volatile organic compounds includes olfactory sensors, designed to provide signals representative of a presence of volatile organic compounds in the ambient air close to the product, and a processor for processing the provided signals to obtain a signature representative of the state of the product. It further includes a memory for storing a reference signature, representative of an exposure of the olfactory sensors to a reference humid environment in which the product is not present, and a computer which computes a similarity value for similarity between the signature representative of the state of the product and the reference signature, to provide a product transformation index value from the computed similarity value.

Provided is a complementary sensors-integrated interface circuit and a differential circuit using the same. The complementary sensors-integrated interface circuit includes: a first sensor having a sensing characteristic for a detection target material; and a second sensor having a sensing characteristic complementary to that of the first sensor for the detection target material, wherein the first sensor is composed of an FET-type sensor, the second sensor is composed of an FET-type sensor or a resistor-type sensor, and the first sensor and the second sensor are connected in series. The interface circuit having the above-described configuration increases the change in output voltage, thereby improving the sensing sensitivity. The complementary sensors-integrated interface circuit is characterized in that it serves as an amplification circuit. In addition, a complementary sensors-integrated differential interface circuit uses the aforementioned complementary sensors-integrated interface circuit, thereby serving as a differential amplifier circuit, reducing noise and improving sensitivity.

To provide an odor sensor capable of using an additive that was not capable of being adopted in an odor sensor including a polymer film, an odor measurement system using the odor sensor, and a method for producing the odor sensor, an odor sensor comprises a plurality of sensor elements, the sensor element including a substance absorption film adsorbing an odor substance; and a detection unit detecting adsorption of the odor substance with respect to the substance absorption film, wherein the substance absorption film is a porous fine particle film that contains fine particles containing a compound having silicon and oxygen as a skeleton, and a surface modifier for modifying surfaces of the fine particles, and in at least a part of the plurality of sensor elements, compositions of the fine particles and/or the surface modifier are different from each other.

Systems, methods and apparatus for the thermal conversion of biomass into biochar. A mobile platform may be used to maneuver a mobile biochar generation system within a field of biomass. The biomass may be harvested, preprocessed and pyrolyzed. After pyrolyzation, the biochar may be cooled to a predetermined temperature by integrating water and liquid nutrients into the biochar. The system may then control the application of the infused biochar by adjusting a spreading attachment and a plowing attachment.

The present disclosure presents environmental sensing apparatuses and methods. In one such apparatus, an environmental sensor comprises a substrate and an array of multiple metal oxide materials on the substrate. The multiple metal oxide materials can comprise layers of different metal oxide material, in which the multiple metal oxide materials are deposited on a cross-bar array of heater elements and electrodes and each row in the cross-bar array contains an independently-controlled heater element and each column in the array contains a pair of electrodes. At each crossing of the heater element and the pair of electrodes, one of the multiple metal oxide materials is deposited, and the pair of electrodes and the heater elements are dielectrically isolated from one another at the crossing.

A method for sensing gas by a gas sensing device, the method may include generating, by a semiconductor temperature sensing element that is spaced apart from a gas reactive element and is thermally coupled to the gas reactive element, detection signals that are indicative of a temperature of the gas reactive element; wherein the gas reactive element and the semiconductor temperature sensing element are of microscopic scale; and processing, by a readout circuit of the gas sensing device, the detection signals to provide information about a gas that affected the temperature of the gas reactive element.

An object of the invention is to provide a gas detection system that does not require customization of an odor sensor depending on an environment. The gas detection system includes a sensor array including a plurality of sensors having different characteristic sensitivities, a pre-processing unit configured to convert each of sensor output values acquired from the sensors constituting the sensor array into an output ratio as a ratio of the output value to a predetermined value, and an odor determination processing unit configured to determine, by comparing a normal range generated based on a result of executing cluster analysis on an output ratio acquired from each of the sensors constituting the sensor array in the past with the output ratio obtained by the pre-processing unit executing the conversion, whether the output ratio is within the normal range.

The gas measurement device includes a filter having a plurality of openings, each opening being variable in size, an adjustment mechanism configured to vary size of the plurality of openings, a first gas sensor configured to detect gas molecules passing through an opening of the filter and output a first measurement value corresponding to the detected gas molecules, and a second gas sensor configured to detect the gas molecules passing through the opening of the filter, output a second measurement value corresponding to the detected gas molecules, and detect gas molecules of a gas species different from the gas molecules detected by the second gas sensor.