In one aspect of the invention, a method includes determining an amount of carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2) in dialysate flowing through a dialysis system using a CO.sub.2 sensor associated with the dialysis system, determining, using a pH sensor associated with the dialysis system, a pH level of the dialysate, and calculating a level of bicarbonate in the dialysate based at least in part on the determined amount of CO.sub.2 measured in the gas and the determined pH level of the dialysate.

Systems and methods are provided for evaluating a foamer for use in an oil and gas well for unloading of a liquid. The systems and methods provide for methods including: (a) combining (i) an aqueous phase, a hydrocarbon phase, or both an aqueous phase and a hydrocarbon phase in a predetermined proportion with (ii) a foamer to obtain a liquid, wherein the foamer is in a predetermined concentration in the liquid; (b) sparging the liquid with a gas at a predetermined gas flow rate to create a foam from at least some of the liquid and at least some of the gas; and (c) during or after the step of sparging, determining the amount of the liquid in the foam, wherein the step of determining is performed one or more times.

Embodiments relate generally to a gas detector test fixture that recycles test gas. A portable gas detector test fixture, comprises a test chamber, a processor, a docking connector communicatively coupled to the processor, an output device communicatively coupled to the processor, a memory communicatively coupled to the processor, and an application stored in the memory that, when executed by the processor, is configured to conduct a bump test on a portable gas detector plugged into the docking connector and to output the bump test result to the output device. The test fixture further comprises an inflow line configured to connect to a test gas supply line of a test gas container, where the inflow line is coupled to the test chamber, and an outflow line configured to connect to a test gas return line of the test gas container, where the outflow line is coupled to the test chamber.

A method for passive breath alcohol detection, the method comprising: A) passively obtaining a first air sample from the air inside the interior of a vehicle; B) determining the concentration of (i) a tracer gas, and (ii) an analyte present in the first air sample; C) passively obtaining a second air sample from the air inside the interior of the vehicle; D) determining the concentration of (i) the tracer gas, and (ii) the analyte present in the second air sample; E) continuing to passively obtain an N number of air samples from the air inside the interior of the vehicle, and for each air sample obtained, determining the concentration of the tracer gas and the analyte present in the air sample; F) determining a number of peaks in the concentration of the tracer gas and a number of peaks in the concentration of the analyte present in each of the air samples; G) determining a confidence interval based on the number of peaks in the concentration of the tracer gas and the number of peaks in the concentration of the analyte; and H) controlling operation of the vehicle based on a function of the confidence interval and the concentration of the analyte present in the air samples.

A method for displaying gas concentration values on a graphical display of a leak detector comprises detecting a presence of a gas using a gas sensor. A signal is generated by the gas sensor and transmitted from the gas sensor to a processor. The received signal is processed to determine a gas concentration value and a corresponding time stamp. The gas concentration values and corresponding time stamps are displayed graphically as they are determined and newly determined gas concentration values and corresponding time stamps are displayed in relation to previously determined gas concentration values and time stamps in streaming manner.

A method of indicating the presence of a target gas in a gas volume comprising providing a gas sensing core, configured for detection of the target gas, and a condition sensor within the gas volume, providing a controller, allowing gas to fluidly interact with the gas sensing core, monitoring a target gas measurement output from the gas sensing core, monitoring a parameter output from the condition sensor, recording a parameter output minimum value, calculating a parameter difference, calculating a rate of change of the parameter with respect to time, and indicating the presence of a target gas is detected in the gas volume when the target gas measurement exceeds a target gas measurement threshold value and the parameter difference is less than a parameter difference threshold value.

Provided is a management apparatus 30 including: a concentration acquisition unit 31 configured to acquire a first concentration which is a concentration of an acidic gas when a gas containing the acidic gas is introduced into an acidic gas adsorber that adsorbs the acidic gas and a second concentration which is a concentration of the acidic gas after being processed in the acidic gas adsorber; a captured amount calculation unit 32 configured to calculate a captured amount of the acidic gas adsorbed by the acidic gas adsorber based on the first concentration and the second concentration; and a management unit 33 configured to conduct management to replace the acidic gas adsorber based on a regeneration timing of the acidic gas adsorber determined based on the calculated captured amount. The present invention thereby provides a management apparatus etc. that facilitate the management of an acidic gas adsorber and save costs.

A system and method for simultaneously running a plurality of air quality sensor units using a centralized station and software to test for field performance upon factory return from field installations, automatically identify preventative maintenance requirements, and automatically calibrate the sensor units and generate quality metric reporting. The centralized station and software include a computer, a manifold, tubes, and cables. A test gas is supplied, wherein the manifold distributes the test gas. Once powered and supplied with test gas, the sensor units are tested simultaneously. The computer runs software that compares the test data collected from the sensor units to determine if any of the sensor units fail standards or produce data that deviates from a mean average range. Sensor units that do not require maintenance are calibrated using test gasses to generate calibration coefficients which are stored within the sensors' firmware.

An environment monitoring device includes a first case, a second case coupled to the first case, and a smart phone provided fixed in an inner space between the first case and the second case, wherein the smart phone is configured to measure a fine dust concentration around the environment monitoring device based on an image photographed with a camera, and display information on the measured fine dust concentration via a screen of the smart phone.

A system and method provides a more precise mole delivery amount of a process gas, for each pulse of a pulse gas delivery, by measuring a concentration of the process gas and controlling the amount of gas mixture delivered in a pulse of gas flow based on the received concentration of the process gas. The control of mole delivery amount for each pulse can be achieved by adjusting flow setpoint, pulse duration, or both.