An increase in the load of the booster circuit may be suppressed, and the voltage measurement accuracy may be improved. A battery monitoring IC of a battery monitoring system includes a first buffer amplifier and a second buffer amplifier driven by a power supply voltage or a boost voltage and having an input terminal connected to one terminal of any one of battery cells of an assembled battery. The control part selects the battery cell to be connected to the input terminals of the first and second buffer amplifiers. The control part switches a voltage for driving the first and second buffer amplifiers to the boost voltage when an upper battery cell is selected, and switches the voltage for driving the first and second buffer amplifiers to the power supply voltage when a battery cell other than the upper battery cell is selected.

A battery pack according to the present disclosure includes a plurality of battery blocks, the battery blocks being arrayed adjacent to each other in a stacking direction that is set in advance. After two or more of the battery blocks are replaced with multiple replacement battery blocks that have been refreshed in advance, multiple non-replacement battery blocks, among the battery blocks, that have not been replaced with the replacement battery blocks, are adjacent to each other in the stacking direction, and the replacement battery blocks are adjacent to each other in the stacking direction.

A controller selectively prevents electrical power flow from a traction battery to an electric machine based on an actual rate of charge acquired by a cell of the traction battery per unit of actual increase in amp hours and an expected rate of charge acquired per unit of expected increase in amp hours.

Various embodiments of the present technology may provide methods and apparatus for a battery. The apparatus may provide a fuel gauge circuit that operates in conjunction with a charger to perform a pre-charging operation of the battery in the event the battery has experienced an over-discharge. The pre-charging operation is defined by a period of time selected according to a measured state of charge and/or an internal resistance of the battery.

A steer-by-wire steering system includes: a steering device including a steering motor powered by a main power source and/or a backup power source; and a controller configured to control the steering device based on a steering request. When the backup power source is normal, the controller executes an abnormal-situation control based on electric power supplied to the steering motor by the main power source and/or the backup power source when the controller determines that the voltage of the main power source is less than a first threshold. When the backup power source is abnormal, the controller executes the abnormal-situation control based on electric power supplied to the steering motor by the main power source when the controller determines that the voltage of the main power source is less than a second threshold that is greater than the first threshold.

Powerflow of a rechargeable energy storage system (RESS) is managed according to a method. The RESS has series-connected first and second battery elements with different characteristics. Each element, e.g., a pack, has a corresponding maximum or minimum voltage or current limit. Currents are predicted for each of the first and second battery elements via a controller using a corresponding voltage limit. A requested operating mode of the RESS is used to select a current for the elements. A voltage across the elements is predicted using the selected current and a corresponding battery state space model. The method predicts a total power capability of the RESS over a prediction horizon using the selected current to generate predicted power capability values. The requested operating mode is controlled over the horizon using the power capability values. A powertrain system includes the RESS, an inverter, an electric machine, and the controller.

A simultaneous inspection device of multiple secondary battery cell pouches is provided. The simultaneous inspection device includes a support member installed for support; a movable member installed to face the support member; multiple pressure panels which are installed side by side between the support member and the movable member, and combined so that the gap between them can be adjusted by the back and forth movement of the movable member wherein the secondary battery cell pouches are inserted into each gap; a guide member for guiding the pressing panels to move in the direction necessary for adjusting the gaps; and a pressure driving unit for moving the movable member back and forth to pressurize and pressure-release the secondary battery cell pouch between the pressurizing panels on both sides.

An energy storage apparatus 20 includes: energy storage devices B1 to B4; a cutoff switch 40 that cuts off current of the energy storage device; a parallel circuit 70 including a rectifier element 75 in which a discharge direction is set to a forward direction, the parallel circuit 70 being connected in parallel to the cutoff switch 40; a first current sensor 50 that measures the current of the energy storage devices B1 to B4; a discharge circuit 90 that discharges an inspection current to the first current sensor 50 through a discharge path including the parallel circuit 70 using the energy storage device as a power source; and a controller 80. The controller 80 determines whether the first current sensor 50 correctly measures the current based on a measurement value of the inspection current Ib.

A current measurement apparatus configured to quickly block current. The current measurement apparatus includes a first terminal, a second terminal, a resistor interposed in a separated space between the first terminal and the second terminal; a circuit board, a control unit mounted on the circuit board and configured to measure a current flowing in the resistor by using a voltage value between the first terminal and the second terminal and a resistance value of the resistor, and a cutting unit located above or below the resistor and configured to cut the resistor according to a control signal of the control unit.

A power indication circuit for indicating different power levels of a battery, can include: N LED indicators; N setting resistors; N multifunction ports; a drive circuit coupled to the N multifunction ports and the battery, and being configured to acquire N threshold voltage signals in accordance with voltages at the N multifunction ports during a first time period of an operation cycle, and to generate N comparison signals in accordance with the N threshold voltage signals and a voltage detection signal generated by detecting a voltage of the battery, in order to drive the N LED indicators in accordance with the N comparison signals during a second time period of the operation cycle; and where each of the N setting resistors coupled in parallel to a corresponding one of the N LED indicators is respectively coupled to a corresponding one of the N multifunction ports.