The disclosure discloses a fault locating method based on a multi-layer evaluation model. Firstly, determine a fault type to be inspected and a fault symptom which able to accurately and effectively reflect a power transformer operation status and determine a weight of each fault type by using an association rule and a set pair analysis. Then, establish a DBN model to perform feature extraction and classification on multi-dimensional data of a fault. Finally, perform a comprehensive evaluation on an existing diagnosis result by using the D-S evidence theory. Accordingly, the supporting strength of the common target is reinforced, while the influence of divergent targets is reduced. As a result, the uncertainty in the diagnosis result is significantly reduced. The disclosure is mainly used to monitor and diagnose a status variable of the power transformer in a real-time manner, and treats power transformer status evaluation as a multi-property decision issue.

Systems and methods for real-time monitoring of electrical discharge events across a tribological contact are provided. The systems comprise a signal generator, a test device comprising a tribological contact, a reference device and a signal comparator. The systems recognize changes between states where electrical discharge across a tribological contact does or does not occur and produce distinct output signals for each state and, further, may maintain a count of how often such events occur.

Fault-indicator assemblies that can each be mounted externally to a corresponding electronic device to provide a visual indication that an internal fault has occurred within the electronic device. A fault-indicator assembly of the present disclosure can be configured for electrical devices such as electrical power transformers, capacitors, and reactors, among others. Some embodiments can be configured to connect to existing orifices of a conventionally manufactured electronic device, such as an orifice for a conventional pressure-relief valve. Such embodiments can be deployed without any modifications to the electrical devices and can be readily retrofitted to existing electrical devices. In some embodiments, a pressure-relief valve can be integrated with the fault-indicator assembly to provide both fault-indication functionality and pressure-relief functionality in the same assembly.

An apparatus for detecting internal defects in a transformer is provided. The apparatus detecting internal defects that arise in the interior by integrating an electrode for electrically detecting defects and a sensor for detecting internal gas into a single body and inserting same into the interior. The apparatus for detecting internal defects in a transformer according to the present invention comprises: a metal member of a set length; a plurality of electrodes, disposed around the metal member, for detecting electrical signals generated due to internal defects of the transformer; an insulating member formed so as to contain the metal member and plurality of electrodes; and a gas sensor, installed at the end of the metal member, for detecting gas inside the transformer.

A transformer hydrogen gas monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention may comprise: a sensor module, which is disposed to allow at least a part thereof to meet hydrogen gas in a transformer and measures a resistance value of a member having a variable resistance value according to a hydrogen concentration in the transformer; and a multi-task module for receiving a sensing result of the sensor module, generating hydrogen concentration information corresponding to resistance value information included in the sensing result, and remotely transmitting information corresponding to the generated hydrogen concentration information.

A system and method for stress-testing of electronic components are disclosed. The system and method include a stationary bath including a tub that defines an aperture in a plane, in which a plurality of slots are positionable and defined inside the tub and oriented orthogonally with respect to the plane. A dielectric fluid in the tub is heated by a heating element to a predetermined temperature value. A board is configured to be retrievably placed with one of the plurality of slots, the board having a plurality of sockets operable to receive corresponding electronic components.

Fault-indicator assemblies that can each be mounted externally to a corresponding electronic device to provide a visual indication that an internal fault has occurred within the electronic device. A fault-indicator assembly of the present disclosure can be configured for electrical devices such as electrical power transformers, capacitors, and reactors, among others. Some embodiments can be configured to connect to existing orifices of a conventionally manufactured electronic device, such as an orifice for a conventional pressure-relief valve. Such embodiments can be deployed without any modifications to the electrical devices and can be readily retrofitted to existing electrical devices. In some embodiments, a pressure-relief valve can be integrated with the fault-indicator assembly to provide both fault-indication functionality and pressure-relief functionality in the same assembly.

A system and method for stress-testing of electronic components are disclosed. The system and method include a stationary bath including a tub that defines an aperture in a plane, in which a plurality of slots are positionable and defined inside the tub and oriented orthogonally with respect to the plane. A dielectric fluid in the tub is heated by a heating element to a predetermined temperature value. A board is configured to be retrievably placed with one of the plurality of slots, the board having a plurality of sockets operable to receive corresponding electronic components.

A sensor device for monitoring dielectric strength of a dielectric fluid has a sensor body which supports a sensitive part (SGi), designed for contact with the dielectric fluid. The sensitive part (SGi) comprises at least one pair of electrodes (E1, E2) having respective surface portions arranged at a predefined micrometric or sub-micrometric distance, to define therebetween at least one detection gap between which part of the dielectric fluid is suitable to seep in. The sensor device has a circuit arrangement comprising: means for generating an electric field between the two electrodes of the at least one pair of electrodes (E1, E2) starting from a known supply voltage, andmeans (V) for measuring a voltage representative of possible occurrence of an electric discharge between the two electrodes of the at least one pair of electrodes (E1, E2) through the dielectric fluid (5) present in the at least one detection gap (G), following generation of the electric field.

A method for assessment of fault severity, risk exposure, and gassing status for a liquid-filled high-voltage apparatus involves taking a series of samples from a liquid-filled high-voltage apparatus at intervals over a time period and subjecting those samples to gas analysis to measure and record the concentrations of selected gases. A fault energy index is computed for each of the insulating liquid samples based upon the concentrations of the selected dissolved gases for that sample. Gassing events are identified where there is a continuous production of fault gases for a time period causing an increase in the fault energy index. A computer is used to calculate a severity of each gassing event and a cumulative severity of multiple gassing events collectively, where each severity is a based on probabilities of failure provided by a reliability model comprising a random variable representing failure-related values of the fault energy index. Risk exposure is calculated by multiplying a severity value by a cost factor such as replacement cost or MVA rating. The gassing status of an apparatus is a value suitable for ranking apparatus and is determined on the basis of the severity and timing of gassing events of the apparatus.