Systems, methods, and apparatus are described that enable a serial bus to be operated in one or more modes that employ additional wires for communicating data. A method includes a method includes providing a first interrogating signal configured to cause a controller in a vehicle that is entering the parking facility to monitor status of the vehicle while the vehicle is present within the parking facility, and measure a duration of time in which the vehicle is parked within the parking facility. The method further incudes providing a second interrogating signal when the vehicle is exiting the parking facility, the second interrogating signal being configured to cause the controller to transmit information that includes the duration of time in which the vehicle was parked within the parking facility.

A system and method for locating radio-frequency identification tags within a predetermined area. The method can incorporate sub-threshold superposition response mapping techniques, alone, or in combination with other methods for locating radio-frequency identification tags such as but not limited to time differential on arrival (TDOA), frequency domain phase difference on arrival (FD-PDOA), and radio signal strength indication (RSSI). The system can include a plurality of antennas dispersed in a predefined area; one or more radio-frequency identification tags; a radio-frequency transceiver in communication with said antennas; a phase modulator coupled to the radio-frequency transceiver; and a system controller in communication with said transceiver and said phase modulator. Calibration techniques can be employed to map constructive interference zones for improved accuracy.

A method for testing a radar device including a master radar device and a slave radar device includes: moving a test target through a field of view of the radar device; measuring an angle of the test target with respect to the radar device at a plurality of positions; evaluating the reliability of the measured angles; and specifying at least one of a usable field of view of the radar device or a number of required repetitions for a reliable measurement based on the evaluating.

In a system for determining a location of an emitter, a mobile frame is configured for movement relative to the emitter. A main receiver and a frequency mixing antenna are supported on the mobile frame at different locations on the frame but so that both move with the frame relative to the emitter. The frequency mixing antenna is configured to receive an emitter signal and output a frequency-mixed signal. The main receiver is configured to directly receive the emitter signal and receive the frequency-mixed signal. A processor is configured to determine a first Doppler frequency from the direct emitter signal and a second Doppler frequency from the frequency-mixed signal and to determine the location of the emitter in a defined search area based on the first and second Doppler frequencies. Multiple Doppler frequencies can be created also using multiple frequency mixing antennas to improve the localization resolution.

A method for determining a protection zone with a protection radius about a wireless communication object transponder, wherein the method includes a) ascertaining a first indefinite position of the object transponder using a first locating system, b) ascertaining at least two definite anchor object distances between the object transponder and at least two anchor gateways with respective known positions via a definite distance measuring device using a two-way ranging method, and c) ascertaining the protection radius using a failsafe computing device which receives the first indefinite position from the first locating system and the at least two definite anchor object distances from the distance measuring device and determines the protection radius therefrom using the known positions of the at least two anchor gateways.

Disclosed are techniques for wireless communication. In an aspect, a first station (STA) may receive a first packet from a second STA at a first time-of-arrival of the first packet. The first STA may activate a strobe signal to store first sensor data at the first time-of-arrival, wherein the first sensor data corresponds to a sensor output of one or more sensors of the first STA at the first time-of-arrival, wherein the one or more sensors include an accelerometer, a gyroscope, a magnetometer, or any combination thereof.

A method for signal evaluation in a locating system that includes multiple radar sensors whose locating ranges overlap one another. The method includes evaluating the signal of a first of the radar sensors and identifying distance cells that are not empty, for at least one of these distance cells: selecting a second of the radar sensors and determining a distance range in which the objects situated in the distance cell would have to be situated from the viewpoint of the second radar sensor, and classifying the object configuration in the distance range, based on the signal of the second radar sensor.

Apparatus and methods useful in surveying to provide information rich models. In particular, information not readily or possibly provided by conventional survey techniques can be provided. In some versions targets provide reference for baseline positioning or improving position information otherwise acquired. Scanning may be carried out in multiple locations and merged to form a single image. Machine mounted and hand mounted scanning apparatus is disclosed.

A method and apparatus for ranging finding of signal transmitting devices is provided. The method of signal reception is digitally based only and does not require receivers that are analog measurement devices. Ranging can be achieved using a single pulse emitting device operating in range spaced relation with a minimum of a single signal transmitter and a single digital receiver and processing circuitry. In general a plurality of transmitting pulsed emitters may be ranged and positioned virtually simultaneously in 3-dimensions (XYZ coordinates) using a configuration of a plurality of digital receivers arranged in any fixed 3-dimensional configuration. Applications may involve at least one single transmitter to receiver design to determine range, or at least one transmitted reflecting signal off from an object to determine range.

A device for measuring 3D coordinates associated with an object in an environment, comprising: a 3D reflected wave measuring device having a 3D coordinate system for measuring 3D coordinates of an object in the environment, the 3D reflected wave measuring device having a first frame of reference; and an orientation sensing device to indicate an orientation of the 3D reflected wave measuring device in an environment for aligning the first frame of reference with a second frame of reference that is associated with the environment. The device may be a fall detector device, although other applications are possible.