Methods and apparatuses for performing communication in a wireless communication system. A user equipment (UE) receives first satellite ephemeris information related to a first satellite and information related to a first validity duration corresponding to the first satellite from a base station; and restarts a first validity timer, based on second satellite ephemeris information related to the first satellite being received from the base station while the first validity timer having the first validity duration is running. The UE obtains a first TA for the first satellite based on the first satellite ephemeris information before the first validity timer restarts, expires, or stops after starting based on the first validity duration, and the UE obtains a second TA for the first satellite based on the second satellite ephemeris information before the first validity timer expires or stops after restarting based on a second validity duration.

A method and a user equipment (UE) for timing alignment is provided. The method comprises receiving, from a Base Station (BS), a first configuration indicating at least one of a scheduling offset, a common Timing Advance (TA), and satellite ephemeris information; receiving, from the BS, a second configuration indicating a TA offset for a TA variable; determining a UE-specific TA based on the satellite ephemeris information; determining a total TA based on at least one of the TA variable, the TA offset for the TA variable, the common TA, and the UE-specific TA; and starting, from a transmission by the UE, a time window after an additional time based on the total TA and the scheduling offset.

A method can include receiving sensor data, receiving satellite observations, determining a positioning solution (e.g., PVT solution, PVA solution, kinematic parameters, etc.) based on the sensor data and the satellite observations. A system can include a sensor, a GNSS receiver, and a processor configured to determine a positioning solution based on readings from the sensor and the GNSS receiver.

Methods and apparatuses for performing communication in a wireless communication system. A user equipment (UE) receives first satellite ephemeris information related to a first satellite and information related to a first validity duration corresponding to the first satellite from a base station; and restarts a first validity timer, based on second satellite ephemeris information related to the first satellite being received from the base station while the first validity timer having the first validity duration is running. The UE obtains a first TA for the first satellite based on the first satellite ephemeris information before the first validity timer restarts, expires, or stops after starting based on the first validity duration, and the UE obtains a second TA for the first satellite based on the second satellite ephemeris information before the first validity timer expires or stops after restarting based on a second validity duration.

Some embodiments of the invention relate to methods carried out by an NSS receiver and/or a processing entity capable of receiving data therefrom, for estimating parameters derived from NSS signals useful to determine a position, and for estimating an expected accuracy. The method comprises receiving input data comprising NSS signals observed by the NSS receiver and/or information derived from said NSS signals; operating an estimation process, hereinafter referred to as “estimator”, using state variables and computing the values of its state variables based on the received input data; obtaining a combination of residuals from the estimator, each residual being associated with at least one observed NSS signal; and estimating an expected accuracy based on the combination of residuals and/or information derived therefrom. Systems and computer programs are also disclosed. Some embodiments may for example be used for safety-critical applications such as highly automated and autonomous driving.

Vehicles in traffic are expected to communicate wirelessly, to avoid collisions and facilitate the flow of traffic. Unfortunately, in 5G and 6G, the process of finding a wireless address of a specific vehicle is slow and difficult. Disclosed is a “connectivity matrix”, an emblem that vehicles can display, showing a pattern of black and white squares that forms a unique code. Another vehicle can autonomously read the code and look up the wireless address in a tabulation. The tabulation relates each code to the relevant wireless address, and optionally other information about the vehicle. The two vehicles can then transfer messages, including emergency messages, without delay. At freeway speeds, this can save lives. A central entity maintains the tabulation, ensuring that each wireless address is associated with a unique connectivity matrix code. Roadside companies and access points can also display a connectivity matrix, promote communication with prospective customers.

An apparatus and method are described for processing a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) signal, the GNSS comprising multiple satellites, wherein each satellite transmits a respective navigation signal containing a spreading code. The method comprises receiving an incoming signal at a receiver, wherein the incoming signal may contain navigation signals from one or more satellites; encrypting the incoming signal at the receiver using a homomorphic encryption scheme to form an encrypted signal; and transmitting the encrypted signal from the receiver to a remote server.

A positioning system includes equipment that receives a signal from a GNSS satellite, and a server apparatus that is connected to the equipment via a communication network. The equipment includes a memory and a processor configured to transmit information indicated by the signal to the server apparatus, and perform positioning of the equipment by using the information indicated by the signal. The server apparatus includes a memory and a processor configured to perform positioning of the equipment by using the information indicated by the signal received from the equipment.

A positioning system includes equipment that receives a signal from a GNSS satellite, and a server apparatus that is connected to the equipment via a communication network. The equipment includes a memory and a processor configured to transmit information indicated by the signal to the server apparatus, and perform positioning of the equipment by using the information indicated by the signal. The server apparatus includes a memory and a processor configured to perform positioning of the equipment by using the information indicated by the signal received from the equipment.

A vehicle positioning method includes obtaining satellite filtering parameters and satellite data, the satellite data comprising at least one of (i) a pseudo range observation value or (ii) a Doppler observation value indicating a Doppler effect. The method further includes determining a first parameter correction amount corresponding to the vehicle at a first time point to obtain positioning information of the vehicle at the first time point. The method further includes determining a second parameter correction amount corresponding to the vehicle at the second time point according to a constraint matrix corresponding to the motion state of the vehicle, and obtaining positioning information of the vehicle at the second time point by modifying the positioning information at the first time point using the second parameter correction amount.