A method for photosensor signal processing includes carrying out, by measuring a combination of readout channels of a direction e with linearly increasing and linearly decreasing signal strength, a linear coding in at least one e-direction. The linearly increasing and linearly decreasing signal strengths of readout channels of the direction e, which are respectively used for the linear coding, are multiplied by each other. The linear coding satisfies the following edge condition: Q.sub.1(e)=c.sub.1.Math.e.sup.c2+c.sub.3, Q.sub.2(e)=c.sub.4.Math.e.sup.c5+c.sub.6, c.sub.1=const.(0, ), c.sub.4=const.(, 0), c.sub.3, c.sub.6=const.(, ), and 0.5<c.sub.2; c.sub.5<1.5. Q1 denotes the charge of the output channel signal strengths increasing via the e-position, and Q2 denotes the charge of the output channel signal strengths decreasing via the e-position and the coding direction.

A panel radiation detector is provided for detecting radiation event(s) of ionizing radiation, comprising a plurality of adjoining plastic scintillator slabs, a plurality of silicon photomultiplier sensors arranged at an edge of at least one of the plastic scintillator slabs) and configured to detect scintillation light generated in the scintillator slabs responsive to the radiation events, and a plurality of signal processing units each connected to one of the silicon photomultiplier sensors, wherein the signal processing units each comprise a digitization circuit configured to generate a digitized signal for signal analysis by executing 1-bit digitization of a detection signal generated by at least one of the silicon photomultiplier sensors responsive to the detected scintillation light for determining the energy of the detected radiation event(s).

Described is a scintigraphic measurement device with extended area, including a measurement structure having a matrix of scintillation crystals and an optoelectronic network for converting photons into electrical signals; a collimator with collimation channels; an electronic processing unit applied to the measurement structure processing the electrical signals generated by the measurement structure. The optoelectronic network has a matrix of optoelectronic conversion modules interconnected according to a two-dimensional distribution to cover the entire measurement area, each optoelectronic conversion module including a two-dimensional matrix of individual elements Multi Pixel Photon Counter or individual Silicon PhotoMultiplier elements electrically interconnected, and wherein the optoelectronic conversion modules are electrically connected to each other along rows and columns by channels for each row or column and the electronic processing unit is connected to the optoelectronic network for measuring a total electric current of each channel delivered by the optoelectronic conversion modules positioned on the channel.

A single photon radiation detector is designed for a particular radiation source fluence, such that an incident radiation photon strikes a scintillator monolith, creating scintillation photons, which are amplified by appropriately sized channels of photomultipliers optically coupled to the scintillator monolith. The photomultiplier output is electronically shaped into a corresponding stream of scintillation pulses (otherwise referred to as scintillation photons) that pass through a comparator to produce a bitstream of the detected scintillation photons, which is sampled into a field programmable gate array (FPGA) acting as a giga-sample transceiver to produce time-to-digital conversions, capable of producing an output data stream of 10's-of-giga-samples per second or more. Appropriate design ensures sparsity of scintillation photon arrival, so that each photon in the bitstream corresponds to a single incident scintillation photon.

A silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) based detection system includes a plurality of scintillators, SiPMs, a front end circuit, adjustment circuits, and an energy and position processing unit. The SiPMs have a non-linear response to energy deposition corresponding to radiation detection. The adjustment circuit is configured to receive an analog signal from SiPMs, and to provide an adjusted analog signal, which is configured to simulate a signal corresponding to a linear response. The energy and position processing unit utilizes the adjusted signal to provide energy and position information of detected events in the detector block.

An image sensor array formed on a flexible first substrate is supported by a flexible second substrate attached thereto. The second substrate has a top surface with an adhesive thereon for attaching the substrates together. The adhesive is on a portion of the second substrate directly beneath the image sensor array to allow selective formation of the second substrate.

A method of operation of a scintillator detector includes a scintillator and a photodetector is described, together with a device embodying the method. The method includes the steps of: periodically producing a light pulse; impinging at least some of the light from a successive plurality of such light pulses onto a light-receptive part of the photodetector; measuring the electrical response of the photodetector; processing the electrical response of the photodetector to determine a pulse height and a variance of pulse height; numerically processing the pulse height and variance of pulse height so determined to obtain at least a first data item characteristic of the response of the photodetector.

A method and an apparatus are provided for using a capacitor chain to perform charge sharing and Anger logic to determine, for charge pulses arising from gamma-ray detection, a row position along an array of scintillation-based gamma-ray detectors. Further, high-pass filters configured at the ends of the capacitor chain perform pulse shaping to preserve timing information. To determine the column position for charge pulses, a two-stage summing amplifier configuration is used with weighting amplifiers controlling the relative gain of the second-stage amplifier with respect to respective columns in the array. Each detector element in the array is a silicon photomultiplier (e.g., Geiger-mode avalanched photodiodes biased above breakdown voltage). Position information can be generated by Anger logic on four outputs from the second-stage amplifiers. Energy and timing information can be generated as a sum of the four outputs from the second-stage amplifiers.

Detector module designs for radiographic imaging include first and second layers of scintillator rods or pixel arrays oriented in first and second directions. The first and second directions are transversely oriented to define a light sharing region between the first and second layers. Encoding features may be disposed in, on or between the first and second layers, and configured to modulate propagation of optical signals therealong or therebetween.

A medical image diagnosis apparatus of an embodiment includes a self-radioactive scintillator constituted of a single crystal; plural photon detectors that are arranged at various positions in the scintillator, and that output an electrical signal according to a quantity of radiation radiated from the scintillator; and calibration circuitry configured to calibrate an electrical signal output from each of the photon detectors such that calculation results based on the electrical signal output from each of the photon detectors are same among the photon detectors.