The present invention relates to an image sensor and to an X-ray system comprising such image sensor. More in particular, the invention relates to an image sensor wherein dose sensing pixels are used in conjunction with artificial pixels to sense a dose of incoming light or radiation.

According to the invention, the image sensor comprises one or more shielded photo-sensitive pixels that are shielded for incoming photons and which are each configured for outputting a further reference voltage, wherein the input voltage of the artificial pixels is set in dependence on the outputted further reference voltage(s).

The radiography apparatus includes: a plurality of imaging pixels that are provided on a resin substrate having flexibility, are used to capture a radiographic image; a detection unit; an accumulation controller that performs control such that the charge generated in each of the imaging pixels is accumulated in the imaging pixel in a case in which an operation mode is an accumulation mode; and a mode change controller that performs control such that the operation mode of the accumulation controller is changed to the accumulation mode in a case in which a rate of change in a level of an electric signal based on the charge generated in the detection unit per hour or an amount of change in the level of the electric signal per hour is greater than a first threshold value and the level of the electric signal is greater than a second threshold value.

An apparatus (e.g., an imaging system) includes a circuit, including: a p-i-n diode having a cathode coupled to a cathode bias voltage or ground; a charge transistor having a first source/drain terminal coupled to an anode of the diode; a storage capacitor having a first terminal coupled to a second source/drain terminal of the charge transistor and a second terminal coupled to the cathode; an amplification transistor having a gate terminal coupled to the first terminal of the storage capacitor and a first source/drain terminal coupled to a reference voltage; a read transistor having a first source/drain terminal coupled to a second source/drain terminal of the amplification transistor; a data line having a first terminal coupled to a second source/drain terminal of the read transistor; and a readout circuit coupled to a second terminal of the data line, providing an output voltage corresponding to charge on the storage capacitor.

A radiation imaging apparatus includes an imaging unit having sensors configured to detect radiation, and configured to output an analog signal from each sensor, an AD converter configured to, in each AD conversion period corresponding to a frame, convert the analog signals from the imaging unit into digital signals and output the digital signals as a serial data string of bits, a serial-parallel conversion unit configured to convert, into parallel data, the serial data string of the bits from the AD converter, and an alignment unit configured to perform alignment for the serial-parallel conversion unit to identify the serial data string. The alignment unit performs the alignment in at least a period between one AD conversion period and another analog-to-digital conversion period, in addition to performing the alignment before a first AD conversion period.

An X-ray diagnostic apparatus comprises an X-ray detector including a first detector and a second detector capable of simultaneously detecting X-rays irradiated from an X-ray tube, and processing circuitry configured to, when displaying one of a first image based on output from the first detector and a second image based on output from the second detector on a display, display the other one of the first image and the second image corresponding to a partial region of the one of the first image and the second image.

Provided is a technique with which detection defects due to a higher resistance of bias lines can be suppressed. An active matrix substrate 1 has a plurality of detection circuitry arranged in matrix. Each of the detection circuitry includes a photoelectric conversion layer 15; a pair of a first electrode 14a and a second electrode 14b between which the photoelectric conversion layer 15 is interposed; an insulating film 106 covering a side end portion of the photoelectric conversion layer 15; a bias line 16 that is provided on the insulating film 106, and applies a bias voltage to the second electrode 14b; and a protection film 17 that is provided on the insulating film 106, covers a surface of the bias line 16, and contains a conductive material having resistance against acid. At least at a part of the second electrode 14b covers the protection film 17.

A radiation imaging apparatus is provided. The apparatus comprises pixels that configure a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns and are configured to obtain a radiation image, and a readout unit configured to readout signals from the pixels. The readout unit reads out a signal from pixels simultaneously selected, out of the pixels, in accordance with a row selection line connected in common for each row. In a case where a first pixel for detecting an incident dose during capturing of a radiation image that is set from the pixels is a defective pixel, the readout unit reads out a signal for detecting an incident dose from a second pixel selected from the pixels so that at least one row is arranged between the row that includes the first pixel and a row that includes the second pixel.

A borehole muon detector for detecting and characterizing a geographic region of interest is provided, the borehole muon detector comprising a housing and sensor, which is housed in the housing, the sensor including: a plurality of photodetector elements; at least one printed circuit board in electrical communication with the plurality of photodetectors and including an integrated electronic circuit for tracking time; a first helical bundle of scintillator fibers; an oppositely wound helical bundle of scintillator fibers, the oppositely wound helical bundle, the first helical bundle and the opposite helical bundle defining an outer cylinder, which includes a first end and a second end and a bore therebetween, each scintillator fiber of each bundle directly optically connected to a photodetector element at least at one end and indirectly optically connected to the photodetector element at no more than one end; and a plurality of scintillator bars, each comprising a first end, a second end and an optical fiber extending from the first end to the second end, the plurality of scintillator bars vertically disposed in the bore of the outer cylinder, each optical fiber of the scintillator bar optically directly connected to a photodetector element at least at one end and indirectly optically connected to the photodetector at no more than one end.

A radiation imaging apparatus includes a radiation detecting panel configured to convert radiation into an image signal, and a burn-in estimating unit configured to estimate, from the image signal, burn-in of the radiation detecting panel due to the radiation. When the burn-in estimating unit estimates that burn-in occurs, the burn-in estimating unit outputs information regarding stop of emission of the radiation to an external apparatus.

A device such as a dosimeter for detecting ionizing radiation, for example, X-ray radiation, in hospitals or the like. The device includes scintillator material configured to produce light as a result of radiation interacting with the scintillator material, and photoelectric conversion circuitry optically coupled to the scintillator material and configured to produce electrical signals via photoelectric conversion of light produced by the scintillator material. The device includes a plurality of photoelectric converters optically coupled with the scintillator material at spatially separated locations. The plurality of photoelectric converters thus produce respective electrical signals by photoelectric conversion of light produced by the scintillator material as a result of radiation interacting with the scintillator material. Improved energy linearity is thus facilitated while providing more efficient detection over the whole energy spectrum of radiation detected.