Provided is a vehicle lamp configured such that light emitted from a light emitting element (30) and incident from an incident portion (22e) formed on a top surface (22c) of a plate-like light guide (22B) is reflected toward a front end surface (22a) of the plate-like light guide (22B) by a first reflecting portion (22f) formed on a bottom surface (22d) of the plate-like light guide (22B). At that time, the incident portion (22e) is positioned on a step-up surface (22c1) formed to protrude from a general portion (22c0) of the top surface (22c). Further, the first reflecting portion (22f) is formed such that its upper end edge (22f1) is located closer to the step-up surface (22c1) than the general portion (22c0) of the top surface (22c). In this way, a wide reflecting area of the first reflecting portion (22f) can be secured.

An optical system including a light-guide optical element (LOE) with a first set of mutually-parallel, partially-reflecting surfaces and a second set of mutually-parallel, partially-reflecting surfaces at a different orientation from the first set. Both sets of partially-reflecting surfaces are located between a set of mutually-parallel major external surfaces. Image illumination introduced at a coupling-in location propagates along the LOE, is redirected by the first set of partially-reflecting surfaces towards the second set of partially-reflecting surfaces, where it is coupled out towards the eye of the user. The first set of partially-reflecting surfaces are implemented as partial surfaces located where needed for filling an eye-motion box with the required image. Additionally, or alternatively, spacing of the first set of partially-reflecting surfaces is varied across a first region of the LOE. Additional features relate to relative orientations of the projector and partially reflecting surfaces to improve compactness and achieve various adjustments.

A waveguide illumination system employing an optically transmissive sheet, which is used to guide light using a total internal reflection, and a strip of heat-conducting printed circuit located near an edge of the sheet and having a major surface which portion is located in a space between two opposite edges of the sheet. The waveguide illumination system further includes a linear array of electrically interconnected side-emitting LED packages mounted to a major surface of the strip of heat-conducting printed circuit and optically coupled to the optically transmissive sheet within a light coupling area. A two-dimensional pattern of light extraction features is formed in at least one surface of the optically transmissive sheet such that a density of the light extraction features within the two-dimensional pattern increases with a distance from the light coupling area.

A display subsystem for a virtual image generation system for use by an end user comprises a planar waveguide apparatus, an optical fiber, at least one light source configured for emitting light from a distal end of the optical fiber, and a collimation element mounted to a distal end of the optical fiber for collimating light from the optical fiber. The virtual image generation system further comprises a mechanical drive assembly to which the optical fiber is mounted to the drive assembly. The mechanical drive assembly is configured for displacing the distal end of the optical fiber, along with the collimation element, in accordance with a scan pattern. The virtual image generation system further comprises an optical waveguide input apparatus configured for directing the collimated light from the collimation element down the planar waveguide apparatus, such that the planar waveguide apparatus displays image frames to the end user.

A series of interconnected (directly or indirectly), coupled lighting panels is provided, the coupled lighting panels linked to one another such that various shapes and designs can be created using various arrangements of the coupled lighting panels, the lighting panels of some embodiments adapted to avoid dark spots proximate to lighting circuitry disposed therein. The lighting panels can be luminaires, and may be provided in various geometric shapes, having various dimensionalities (e.g., a flat 2 dimensional shape, or a 3 dimensional shape). Various control systems, connectors, housings, frames, and lighting systems are also described.

[Problem] To propose a head-mounted display capable of restraining deformation or breakage of a connection member caused by concentration of an external force on the connection member. [Solution] A head-mounted display includes a frame worn on the head of a viewer and having a front part disposed in front of the viewer, and an image display device connected to a central part of the front part. The image display device includes two right and left optical modules each including an image generation device and a light guide member that is connected to the image generation device and is disposed closer as a whole to a center of the face of the viewer than the image generation device, and includes a connection member connecting the image display device to the front part. A part of the image display device is disposed so as to face a part of the front part in a front-rear direction with a predetermined gap interposed therebetween.

A near-eye display has a light-guide optical element (LOE) with two major parallel external surfaces. An image projector introduces image illumination into the LOE so as to propagate by internal reflection. The image projector includes one or more light-generating laser diode operated by a controller. A coupling-out arrangement includes a set of mutually-parallel, partially-reflective surfaces associated with the LOE at an oblique angle to the major external surfaces for coupling the illumination out of the LOE towards the eye of the observer. The light-generating laser diode has a characteristic variation of coherence length of generated light as a function of diode actuation power. The controller actuates the laser diode at a level of diode actuation power that generates light with a coherence length that is less than twice a spacing between adjacent partially-reflective surfaces of the coupling-out arrangement.

A display device includes a light source, a light-directing element, a reflective display element, and a microlens array. The light-directing element is disposed on the transmission path of a lighting beam provided by the light source for projecting the lighting beam toward the first direction. The reflective display element includes a plurality of micro-image units, wherein each micro-image unit converts the lighting beam projected from the light-directing element into an sub-image beam and reflects the sub-image beam. The microlens array is disposed on the transmission path of the sub-image beams, wherein the light-directing element is located between the microlens array and the reflective display element. The microlens array includes a plurality of microlenses. Each sub-image beam pass throughs the light-directing element and is projected to an aperture by the corresponding microlens, and the sub-image beams pass through the aperture to form an image beam.

A near-eye display has a light-guide optical element (LOE) with two major parallel external surfaces. An image projector introduces image illumination into the LOE so as to propagate by internal reflection. The image projector includes one or more light-generating laser diode operated by a controller. A coupling-out arrangement includes a set of mutually-parallel, partially-reflective surfaces associated with the LOE at an oblique angle to the major external surfaces for coupling the illumination out of the LOE towards the eye of the observer. The light-generating laser diode has a characteristic variation of coherence length of generated light as a function of diode actuation power. The controller actuates the laser diode at a level of diode actuation power that generates light with a coherence length that is less than twice a spacing between adjacent partially-reflective surfaces of the coupling-out arrangement.

A display device includes a base substrate including a first folding portion, a first portion, and a second portion, a display element layer including first display elements, which are disposed on the first portion to emit a first light, and second display elements, which are disposed on the second portion to emit a second light, and a light control layer including a first region, which is disposed on the second portion and causes a first diffraction of the second light emitted from the second display elements, a second region, which guides the second light provided from the first region, and a third region, which is spaced apart from the first region with the second region interposed therebetween and emits the second light to an outside through a second diffraction of the second light.