A head-up display arranged to form a virtual image viewable from an eye-box area. The head-up display is arranged to received picture content within a sub-region of a substantially quadrilateral display area. The head-up display further comprises an optical relay system arranged to relay the received picture content to an eye-box of the head-up display such that a virtual image of the picture content is visible therefrom. The optical relay system comprises at least one optical component shaped in correspondence with the shape of the sub-region. The shape of the eye-box area is non-rectangular such as a corner-cropped rectangular shape or elliptical shape.

The present invention generally provides systems, methods and ophthalmic lenses for image display of a virtual image, such as the display of a holographic image. According to the invention, an ophthalmic lens is advantageously configured for optimizing the visualization of said displayed virtual images.

A head-up display for a vehicle having a window. The head-up display comprises a picture generating unit and a projection engine. The picture generating unit is arranged to output pictures. Each picture comprises a first picture component and a second picture component. The projection engine is arranged to receive the pictures output by the picture generating unit and project the pictures onto the window of the vehicle in order to form a first virtual image of the first picture component at a first virtual image distance and a second virtual image of the second picture component at a second virtual image distance. Light of the first picture component is polarised in a first polarisation direction and light of the second picture component is polarised in a second polarisation direction perpendicular to the first polarisation direction. The projection engine comprises an optical element having first optical power in the first polarisation direction and second optical power in the second polarisation direction such that the first virtual image distance is not equal to the second virtual image distance. The projection engine is further arranged such that the first virtual image and second virtual image at least partially overlap.

Aa method for manufacturing a set of semi-finished lenses and a lens from a semi-finished lens of the set and a set of semi-finished lenses each intended to be used in the manufacturing of a finished lens of determined target power, each semi-finished lens having a base curve chosen among a number N of base curves, wherein each base curve is associated to a respective range of powers of finished ophthalmic lenses to be manufactured, and each semi-finished lens of the set comprises a recorded holographic component, wherein the holographic components of the set exhibit a limited number of configurations, and each holographic component configuration is associated exclusively to one base curve among the N base curves.

The apertures typically used for hologram recording create unwanted secondary holograms by diffracting light. Aperture-free hologram recording eliminates these unwanted secondary holograms. Aperture-free hologram recording includes applying a mask to the holographic recording medium. The mask controls the size of the recorded hologram like an aperture but does not create unwanted secondary holograms. Hologram fringes are only present in the desired recording area and a thin boundary region. The mask may be present during recording, or the mask may be used to pre-bleach the holographic recording medium. Pre-bleaching the holographic recording medium renders a portion of the holographic recording medium insensitive to light, the hologram is recorded in the light-sensitive portions of the holographic recording medium.

Methods, apparatus, devices, and systems for three-dimensional (3D) displaying objects are provided. In one aspect, a method includes obtaining data including respective primitive data for primitives corresponding to an object, determining an electromagnetic (EM) field contribution to each element of a display for each of the primitives by calculating an EM field propagation from the primitive to the element, generating a sum of the EM field contributions from the primitives for each of the elements, transmitting to each of the elements a respective control signal for modulating at least one property of the element based on the sum of the EM field contributions, and transmitting a timing control signal to an illuminator to activate the illuminator to illuminate light on the display, such that the light is caused by the modulated elements of the display to form a volumetric light field corresponding to the object.

An optical grating component may include a substrate, and an optical grating, the optical grating being disposed on the substrate. The optical grating may include a plurality of angled structures, disposed at a non-zero angle of inclination with respect to a perpendicular to a plane of the substrate, wherein the plurality of angled structures are arranged to define a variable depth along a first direction, the first direction being parallel to the plane of the substrate.

A method of controlling an imaging system for a Head Mounted Display (HMD) device. The method comprises capturing an external scene, for example using a camera, determining an attenuation pattern, for rendering a filter area. The method also comprises determining, based on the captured external scene, a compensation pattern to for compensating at least part of the filter area, attenuating the external scene using the attenuation pattern and generating a holographic image of a virtual object, the holographic image including the compensation pattern.

An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a holographic optical element and a manufacturing method of a holographic optical element including holographic gratings, the manufacturing method including: a step (a) of forming a photosensitive substrate by coating one surface of a substrate with a photosensitive resin; and a step (b) of recording the holographic gratings by irradiating each of one surface and the other surface of the photosensitive substrate with laser light, wherein in the step (a), the photosensitive resin is applied so that a height of a photosensitive resin coating layer varies along a predetermined direction.

An embodiment according to an aspect of the present disclosure provides a device for manufacturing a display lens, a method for manufacturing a display lens using the device, and a head-mounted display device including the display lens manufactured thereby. The device for manufacturing a display lens including a holographic optical element formed by recording a hologram on a photosensitive substrate, in which a substrate is coated with a photosensitive material, through irradiation of laser beams includes: a first laser light incidence unit configured to cause first laser light, converging along an irradiation direction, to be incident on one surface of the photosensitive substrate; and a second laser light incidence unit configured to cause second laser light, diverging at a plurality of points along an irradiation direction, to be incident on the other surface of the photosensitive substrate.