A toner comprising a toner particle, wherein the toner particle comprises a binder resin, the binder resin comprises a resin A and a resin B, the toner particle comprises protrusions on a surface thereof, each of the protrusions comprises the resin B, a shape factor SF-2 of the toner as observed under SEM is 105 to 120, and when the toner is observed under the SEM, a surface unevenness index of the toner as calculated by formula (1) below is 0.010 to 0.050:

Surface unevenness index=(area of region surrounded by convex hull of toner−projected area of toner)/projected area of toner  (1).

A liquid developer containing a liquid carrier and a toner particle that is insoluble in the liquid carrier, wherein a particular substructure is bonded through a covalent bond to a surface of the toner particle, and a method of producing a liquid developer containing a liquid carrier and a toner particle that is insoluble in the liquid carrier, the method comprising a step (I) of covalently bonding, to a surface of the toner particle, a compound having a particular substructure.

The toner has a toner particle that contains a binder resin, wherein the binder resin contains a styrene-acrylic resin that has a structure derived from a crosslinking agent, the binder resin includes tetrahydrofuran-insoluble matter in an amount of from 5 mass % to 60 mass % of the binder resin, and the crosslinking agent contains a polymeric compound provided by an addition reaction at least between a particular multifunctional (meth)acrylate compound and a particular polyvalent mercapto compound.

A toner process including a) mixing reagents comprising at least one amorphous resin, an optional crystalline resin, an optional styrene, acrylate or styrene/acrylate, an optional wax, and an optional colorant to form an emulsion comprising a resin particle; b) adding at least one aggregating agent and aggregating said resin particle to form a nascent toner particle; c) optionally, adding one or more resins to form a shell on said nascent toner particle to yield a core-shell particle; d) adding a first chelating agent and a second chelating agent; wherein said first chelating agent and said second chelating agent are different; e) freezing particle growth to form an aggregated toner particle; f) coalescing said aggregated toner particle to form a toner particle; and g) optionally, collecting said toner particle.

A toner, including a toner particle that contains a binder resin and a release agent, wherein the binder resin contains a polymer A, the polymer A including a first monomer unit derived from a first polymerizable monomer and a second monomer unit derived from a second polymerizable monomer different from the first polymerizable monomer; the first polymerizable monomer is selected from (meth)acrylic acid esters having a C.sub.18-36 alkyl group; the toner has a first monomer unit content and a second monomer unit content in the polymer A which are within specific ranges, and assuming that an SP value of the first monomer unit is taken as SP.sub.11 and an SP value of the second monomer unit is taken as SP.sub.21, the formula (1) below is satisfied, and the molecular weight of the release agent is at least 1,000.
3.00(SP.sub.21SP.sub.11)25.00(1)

A toner including a toner particle that contains a binder resin and inorganic fine particles, wherein the binder resin contains a polymer A that includes a first monomer unit derived from a first polymerizable monomer and a second monomer unit derived from a second polymerizable monomer that is different from the first polymerizable monomer; the first polymerizable monomer is at least one selected from the group consisting of (meth)acrylate esters having an alkyl group having 18 to 36 carbons; the SP value of the first monomer unit and the SP value of the second monomer unit satisfy a specified relationship; each of the inorganic fine particles contains a substrate containing at least one inorganic element selected from metal elements and metalloid elements, and a coating layer; and the coating layer has a specified structure.

A toner has a toner particle including a binder resin, a colorant, and a wax, in which in a cross section of the toner particle observed under a scanning transmission electron microscope, a proportion of the number of toner particles having a void with a long diameter of 0.50 m or less is 60 number % or more, and a proportion of the number of toner particles having a void in a region from an outline of the cross section of the toner particle inward to 1.00 m in a total number of the toner particles having a void is 30 number % or less.

A toner comprising an external additive and a toner particle including a binder resin, a colorant and inorganic fine particles A, wherein the external additive contains an external additive B, a number average particle diameter of primary particles of the external additive B is 30 to 200 nm, an adhesion index of the external additive B to the toner particle is 0.00 to 3.00, a number average particle diameter of primary particles of the inorganic fine particles A is greater than that of the external additive B, and in SEM observations of the toner under specific condition, the number of particles (Na) of the external additive B in a 2 m square region of the toner surface and the number of particles (Nb) of the external additive B observed in a state of overlapping with the inorganic fine particles A in the region satisfy Nb/Na of 0.20 or more.

A toner comprising a toner particle including a binder resin, wherein the toner is such that (1) when a powder dynamic viscoelasticity measurement method is used, a measurement start temperature is set to 25 C., and a ramp rate is set to 20 C./min, on a curve of a storage elastic modulus E (Pa) where a temperature ( C.) is plotted against an abscissa and the storage elastic modulus E is plotted against an ordinate, a temperature at a time when the E at a start of a measurement has decreased by 50% is from 60 C. to 90 C., and (2) a load at a yield point of a displacement-load curve which is determined by a nanoindentation method and where a load (mN) is plotted against an ordinate and a displacement amount (m) is plotted against an abscissa, is 0.80 mN or more; and a method for producing thereof.

Provided is a toner has a toner particle containing a binder resin and is characterized in that the binder resin contains a polymer A, which is a polymer of a composition containing a first polymerizable monomer, a second polymerizable monomer and a crosslinking agent, the first polymerizable monomer is at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of (meth)acrylic acid esters having an alkyl group with 18 to 36 carbon atoms, the crosslinking agent has two or more polymerizable double bonds, a content of the first polymerizable monomer in the composition is 5.0 to 60.0 mol %, a content of the second polymerizable monomer is 20.0 to 95.0 mol %, and when the SP values of the first polymerizable monomer, the second polymerizable monomer and the crosslinking agent are denoted by SP.sub.12, SP.sub.22 and SP.sub.C2, respectively, the formulae 0.60(SP.sub.22SP.sub.12)15.00 and SP.sub.12<SP.sub.C2<(SP.sub.22+3.00) are satisfied.