Methods of forming a toner are provided. In embodiments, such a method comprises forming a toner from a mixture of at least one resin, at least one wax, and optionally, at least one colorant, wherein the at least one wax is of a type and is present at an amount which are selected to provide a predetermined PER.sub.10 value for the toner; and measuring a PER.sub.10 value for the toner, wherein the measured PER.sub.10 value for the toner is equal to or less than the predetermined PER.sub.10 value. Toners formed using the methods are also provided.

A toner for electrophotography containing a resin binder containing a crystalline composite resin C and an amorphous polyester A and an ester wax, wherein the crystalline composite resin C is a resin containing a polycondensation resin component and a styrenic resin component, wherein the polycondensation resin component is obtained by polycondensing an alcohol component containing an aliphatic diol having 9 or more carbon atoms and 14 or less carbon atoms, and a carboxylic acid component containing an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid compound having 9 or more carbon atoms and 14 or less carbon atoms, wherein a mass ratio of the amorphous polyester A to the crystalline composite resin C (amorphous polyester A/crystalline composite resin C) is 60/40 or more and 95/5 or less, and wherein a mass ratio of the crystalline composite resin C to the ester wax (crystalline composite resin C/ester wax) is 0.5 or more and 9 or less. The toner for electrophotography of the present invention is suitably used in development of latent images or the like which is formed in electrostatic development method, electrostatic recording method, electrostatic printing method or the like.

The present invention provides coating compositions for forming a toner coating on a substrate containing a polymer comprising: (a) a N-vinyl amide monomer, (b) a vinyl acetate monomer, and (c) a solvent. The coating compositions may further comprise an additional hydrophobic monomer moiety. The present invention further provides coating compositions for forming a toner coating on a substrate containing a polymer comprising: (a) a N-vinyl amide monomer, (b) a styrene monomer, and (c) a solvent. The present invention further provides toner substrates coated with the coating compositions.

A toner is provided, which is obtained by heat treating a toner particle containing a crystalline polyester resin, an amorphous polyester resin, a hydrocarbon wax and a wax dispersant, wherein the crystalline polyester resin is a hybrid resin having crystalline polyester segments and amorphous vinyl segments, and a mass ratio of crystalline polyester segments and amorphous vinyl segments in the crystalline polyester resin (crystalline segments/amorphous segments) is 70/30 to 98/2.

A press-bonded sheet in which two sheet portions are press-bonded in a peelable state is manufactured by a method including steps of: forming an adhesive layer containing powder adhesive on a sheet; heating the adhesive layer to fix it to the sheet; opposing an area on the sheet where the adhesive layer is fixed and an area on the same sheet or on a different sheet where another adhesive layer is formed and fixed; and press-bonding the opposed areas. The fracture strain of a main constituent material of the powder adhesive is 10% or more and less than 1000%.

Herein is disclosed a method for electrostatic printing. The method may comprise: a. electrostatically printing a discontinuous layer of a transparent electrostatic ink in a first area on a print substrate; b. electrostatically printing an image comprising a coloured electrostatic ink on the print substrate in a second area, which may or may not be in the same location as the first area, wherein the electrostatic printing in each of steps a and b involves, respectively, transferring the transparent electrostatic ink or the coloured electrostatic ink from a photoimaging plate to the print substrate via an intermediate transfer member. The method may then involve repeating steps a and b on the same or different print substrates, wherein each repeat of step b results in the same or a different printed image, and the discontinuous layer of transparent electrostatic ink varies between at least two different printing patterns. A system is also disclosed herein.

A toner for electrophotography containing a resin binder containing a crystalline composite resin C and an amorphous polyester A and an ester wax, wherein the crystalline composite resin C is a resin containing a polycondensation resin component and a styrenic resin component, wherein the polycondensation resin component is obtained by polycondensing an alcohol component containing an aliphatic diol having 9 or more carbon atoms and 14 or less carbon atoms, and a carboxylic acid component containing an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid compound having 9 or more carbon atoms and 14 or less carbon atoms, wherein a mass ratio of the amorphous polyester A to the crystalline composite resin C (amorphous polyester A/crystalline composite resin C) is 60/40 or more and 95/5 or less, and wherein a mass ratio of the crystalline composite resin C to the ester wax (crystalline composite resin C/ester wax) is 0.5 or more and 9 or less. The toner for electrophotography of the present invention is suitably used in development of latent images or the like which is formed in electrostatic development method, electrostatic recording method, electrostatic printing method or the like.

A toner comprising a toner particle including a resin component, wherein the resin component includes an olefin resin and an olefin copolymer including a hydroxyl group, the olefin resin has a specific monomer unit Y1, the olefin copolymer including a hydroxyl group has a specific monomer unit Z1 and Z2, a hydroxyl value of the olefin resin is not more than 10 mg KOH/g, a hydroxyl value of the olefin copolymer including a hydroxyl group is at least 20 mg KOH/g and not more than 250 mg KOH/g, and a content of the olefin resin in the resin component is more than 50 mass % with respect to a total mass of the resin component.

An electrostatic latent image developing toner includes a plurality of toner particles containing a binder resin. The binder resin has an amide bond and an ester bond. An area ratio of a peak originated from CO stretching of the amide bond to a peak originated from CO stretching of the ester bond is at least 0.00010 and no greater than 0.02000 in a FT-IR spectrum of the toner obtained by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis. The toner has a storage elastic modulus at 80 C. of at least 3.510.sup.4 Pa and no greater than 5.010.sup.4 Pa. The toner has a storage elastic modulus at 120 C. of at least 1.010.sup.3 Pa and no greater than 1010.sup.4 Pa. The toner has a storage elastic modulus at 150 C. of at least 1.010.sup.3 Pa and no greater than 1010.sup.4 Pa.

An electrostatic latent image developing toner includes a plurality of toner particles containing a binder resin. The binder resin has an amide bond and an ester bond. An area ratio of a peak originated from CO stretching of the amide bond to a peak originated from CO stretching of the ester bond is at least 0.00010 and no greater than 0.02000 in a FT-IR spectrum of the toner obtained by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis. The toner has a storage elastic modulus at 80 C. of at least 3.510.sup.4 Pa and no greater than 5.010.sup.4 Pa. The toner has a storage elastic modulus at 120 C. of at least 1.010.sup.3 Pa and no greater than 1010.sup.4 Pa. The toner has a storage elastic modulus at 150 C. of at least 1.010.sup.3 Pa and no greater than 1010.sup.4 Pa.