Provided is a toner including toner base particles and resin particles. Each toner base particle includes a binder resin, a colorant, and wax. Each resin particle e has a core-shell structure including a core and a shell, where a glass transition temperature TgA of the shell is higher than a glass transition temperature TgB of the core. A surface of each toner base particle is covered with the resin particles. A storage elastic modulus G′1 of the toner at 70° C. during heating is 1.0×10.sup.5 Pa or greater but 1.0×10.sup.3 Pa or less, and a storage elastic modulus G′2 of the toner at 100° C. during heating is 1.0×10.sup.4 Pa or greater but 5.0×10.sup.4 Pa or less, as the toner is measured by a rheometer.

An image forming method uses an electrophotographic photoreceptor and a toner for developing an electrostatic charge image. The image forming method has a charging step, an exposure step, a developing step, a transfer step and a cleaning step, wherein the charging step uses a contact charging device; the photoreceptor has a universal hardness value (HU) of 170 N/mm.sup.2 or more, and an elastic deformation ratio of 40% or more when a Vickers indenter is used in a predetermined environment and pushed by a maximum load of 2 mN. The toner for developing an electrostatic charge image contains toner base particles of a core-shell structure having a shell layer of 10% by mass or less with respect to a mass of a toner base particle on an outside of a resin constituting a core particle, and a solubility parameter value (SPs) of a resin constituting the shell layer is 10.75 or less.

A carrier for developing an electrostatic charge image has magnetic particles and a resin coating that covers the magnetic particles and contains at least one lubricant. The resin coating has a dispersed phase of the lubricant and meets requirement (1). Requirement (1): the lubricant content in a top layer>the lubricant content in a middle layer>the lubricant content in a bottom layer The top, middle, and bottom layers are of the resin coating divided into three in the direction of thickness, and the lubricant content is the percentage area of the dispersed phase of the lubricant in a cross-section of the layer taken along the thickness thereof.

A carrier for developing an electrostatic charge image has magnetic particles and a resin coating that covers the magnetic particles and contains at least one lubricant. The resin coating has a dispersed phase of the lubricant and meets requirement (1).

Requirement (1): the lubricant content in a top layer>the lubricant content in a middle layer>the lubricant content in a bottom layer

The top, middle, and bottom layers are of the resin coating divided into three in the direction of thickness, and the lubricant content is the percentage area of the dispersed phase of the lubricant in a cross-section of the layer taken along the thickness thereof.

The toner has a toner particle in which a toner core containing a binder resin is coated with a shell layer, wherein the binder resin contains a polymer A that has a first monomer unit and a second monomer unit; the first unit is derived from (meth)acrylate ester having an alkyl group having 18 to 36 carbon atoms; the content of the first monomer unit in the polymer is 5.0 to 60.0 mol %; the content of the second monomer unit is 20.0 to 95.0 mol %; the following formula (1) is satisfied when the SP value of the first unit is denoted by SP.sub.11 and the SP value of the second unit is denoted by SP.sub.21; and the toner core is coated with a highly uniform shell over at least 90% of the circumference of the toner cross section;
3.00(SP.sub.21SP.sub.11)25.00(1).

A polymeric composition including a copolymer comprising a first monomer having a high carbon to oxygen ratio of from about 3 to about 8; a second monomer comprising two or more vinyl groups, wherein the second monomer is present in the copolymer in an amount of from greater than about 8 percent by weight to about 60 percent by weight, based on the weight of the copolymer; and, optionally, a third monomer comprising an amine, wherein the third monomer, if present, is present in an amount of from about 0.5 percent by weight to about 5 percent by weight, based on the weight of the copolymer. A toner including the copolymer as a toner surface additive. An emulsion aggregation toner process including the copolymer as a toner surface additive.

A radiation curable dry toner includes core-shell toner particles. The core-shell toner particles have an average volume-based diameter between 5 and 10 micrometre, and a core-shell toner particle thereof includes an inner portion having a radiation curable first resin material consisting of at least 90 weight %, preferably at least 95 weight %, of the total amount of resin material of the inner portion; an outer shell surrounding said inner portion, said outer shell including a second resin material, said second resin material being any one of the following: cured first resin material; or a resin material which is different from the first resin material.

An electrographic printer includes an image carrier configured to receive ink capsules onto the surface of the image carrier. The image carrier is configured to transfer the ink capsules to a medium. The ink capsules comprise an ink having a viscosity in a range of about 100 cP to about and 100,000 cP and an encapsulant layer surrounding the ink. A roller configured to compress the ink capsules onto the medium such that the encapsulant layer ruptures and the ink adheres to the medium.

The toner has a toner particle in which a toner core containing a binder resin is coated with a shell layer, wherein the binder resin contains a polymer A that has a first monomer unit and a second monomer unit; the first unit is derived from (meth)acrylate ester having an alkyl group having 18 to 36 carbon atoms; the content of the first monomer unit in the polymer is 5.0 to 60.0 mol %; the content of the second monomer unit is 20.0 to 95.0 mol %; the following formula (1) is satisfied when the SP value of the first unit is denoted by SP.sub.11 and the SP value of the second unit is denoted by SP.sub.21; and the toner core is coated with a highly uniform shell over at least 90% of the circumference of the toner cross section;

3.00(SP.sub.21SP.sub.11)25.00(1).

A toner includes toner particles. The toner particles each include a core, a shell layer, and an external additive. The core contains a first thermoplastic resin as a binder resin. The shell layer partially covers a surface of the core. The external additive is attached to regions of the surface of the core that are not covered with the shell layer. The external additive includes external additive particles. The external additive particles protrude outward in radial directions of the core further than a surface of the shell layer. At least part of surfaces of the external additive particles is exposed from the shell layer. The shell layer contains a second thermoplastic resin or a thermosetting resin. The second thermoplastic resin has a higher softening point than the core. The shell layer has a thickness of at least 5 nm.