Disclosed are toner compositions that include an amorphous polyester resin, a crystalline polyester resin, a colorant and a wax, and where the amorphous polyester resin contains in excess of zero weight percent of dodecylsuccinic anhydride to less than 16 weight percent of dodecylsuccinic anhydride, or where the amorphous polyester resin contains in excess of zero weight percent of dodecylsuccinic acid to less than 16 weight percent of dodecylsuccinic acid.

A toner comprising a toner particle that comprises a core particle comprising a binder resin and a surface layer comprising inorganic fine particles and an organosilicon polymer, wherein the organosilicon polymer has T3 structure represented by RSi(O.sub.1/2).sub.3, in .sup.29Si-NMR measurement of THF insoluble-matter of the toner particle, a proportion of a peak area assigned to the T3 structure relative to a total peak area for the organosilicon polymer is at least 5.0%, and in observation of a cross section of the toner particle using TEM, the toner has a prescribed surface layer thickness, a prescribed number of inorganic fine particles in contact with the core particle in the surface layer, and a prescribed number of inorganic fine particles present in the core particle and not in contact with the surface layer.

An electrostatic latent image developing toner includes toner particles each including a toner core (11) and a shell layer (12) disposed over a surface of the toner core (11). The toner core (11) contains a polyester resin. The shell layer (12) includes: first resin particles (12a) having a number average primary particle diameter of at least 30 nm and less than 70 nm and a glass transition point of less than 80 C.; and second resin particles (12b) having a number average primary particle diameter of 70-200 nm and a glass transition point of at least 80 C. A percentage of an area of the toner core (11) covered with the first resin particles (12a) relative to a surface area of the toner core (11) is 40-80%. A ratio of total mass of the second resin particles (12b) to total mass of the first resin particles (12a) is 0.5-2.0.

An electrostatic latent image developing toner includes toner particles each including a toner core (11) and a shell layer (12) disposed over a surface of the toner core (11). The toner core (11) contains a polyester resin. The shell layer (12) includes: first resin particles (12a) having a number average primary particle diameter of at least 30 nm and less than 70 nm and a glass transition point of less than 80 C.; and second resin particles (12b) having a number average primary particle diameter of 70-200 nm and a glass transition point of at least 80 C. A percentage of an area of the toner core (11) covered with the first resin particles (12a) relative to a surface area of the toner core (11) is 40-80%. A ratio of total mass of the second resin particles (12b) to total mass of the first resin particles (12a) is 0.5-2.0.

A complex particle including a core particle and a shell particle, wherein the shell particle is disposed on the core particle, wherein the core particle includes an organic material or an inorganic material as a primary component and the shell particle includes the other of the organic material and the inorganic material as a primary component, wherein an average particle diameter of the core particle is greater than or equal to about 80 nanometers and less than or equal to about 300 nanometers, a coefficient of variation of an average particle diameter of the core particle is greater than or equal to about 2% and less than or equal to about 10%, an average particle diameter of the shell particle is greater than or equal to about 5 nanometers and less than or equal to about 30 nm, a ratio of the average particle diameter of the shell particle relative to the average particle diameter of the core particle is greater than or equal to about 0.016 and less than or equal to about 0.25, an average particle diameter of the complex particle is greater than or equal to about 90 nanometers and less than or equal to about 350 nanometers, a ratio of multipliers a volume resistance and a sheet resistance of the complex particle is greater than or equal to about 0.7 and less than or equal to about 1.4, wherein the ratio of multipliers is a ratio of .sub.1/.sub.2, wherein .sub.1 is an exponent in an expression of the volume resistance according to the formula .sub.v=.sub.1.Math.10.sup.1 and wherein .sub.2 is an exponent in an expression of the sheet resistance according to the formula .sub.s=.sub.2.Math.10.sup.2 and wherein a change of a number of shell particles present on the core particle before and after ultrasonic irradiation of a dispersion liquid of the complex particle including about 1 weight percent of the complex particle dispersed in water is greater than or equal to about 0.5% and less than or equal to about 5%.sub.v.sub.s.

An electrostatic latent image developing toner includes a plurality of toner particles each including a core and a shell layer covering a surface of the core. The shell layer includes a resin film and a plurality of resin particles. The shell layer contains a first resin forming the resin film, a second resin forming the resin particles, and an alkyl benzene sulfonic acid compound. The first resin is more hydrophobic than the second resin. The second resin is more positively chargeable than the first resin. The second resin has a repeating unit capable of forming a salt with the alkyl benzene sulfonic acid compound.

Disclosed herein include styrene-acrylic-based compositions containing a purine derivative antiplasticizer with particles having a core-shell type structure and methods for their preparation.

A chemically prepared toner composition according to one example embodiment includes a core including a first polymer binder, a colorant and a release agent; a shell that is formed around the core that includes a second polymer binder; and a borax coupling agent between the core and the shell and an alkoxysilane hydrocarbon or combination of different alkoxysilane hydrocarbons that are bonded to the outer surface of the shell using a hydrolytic deposition process. This successful alkoxysilane hydrocarbon surface treatment on the outer surface of the toner particle results in attaining a desirable charge stability in hot and humid environments and ultimately improving the quality of the toner, especially by reducing toner dusting, toner fuming and ultra-fine particles generation

A method for producing core shell toner for electrophotography according to one embodiment, includes surface treating the outer surface of a core shell toner particle with a alkoxysilane hydrocarbon or combination of different alkoxysilane hydrocarbons using a hydrolytic deposition process after the core shell toner particle is fully formed. This method results in the bonding of the alkoxysilane hydrocarbon or combination of different alkoxysilane hydrocarbons to the outer surface of the core shell toner particle. In an alternative method, the outer surface of the toner is surface treated with the alkoxysilane hydrocarbon solution and then fused to form toner particles. The alkoxysilane hydrocarbon surface treated core shell toner also can be mixed with magnetic carrier beads to form a developer mix to be used in a dual component development electrophotographic printer.

The object of the present invention is to provide a toner for development of electrostatic images (hereinafter referred to as toner) which, while preventing dust during fixation, secures improved hot offset resistance and is excellent in providing good image quality. The invention relates to the toner that comprises a binder resin, a colorant and a wax, wherein the wax has, while in a state of being contained in the toner, a melting point of from 55 C. to 90 C., and the value Dt of the toner satisfies a specific formula.