A toner including a toner particle that contains a binder resin, and an inorganic fine particle, wherein the inorganic fine particle contains aggregated particles; the aggregated particles contain primary particles of at least one metal salt selected from the group consisting of titanate metal salts and zirconate metal salts; the primary particles have a number-average particle diameter of from 15 nm to 55 nm; the aggregated particles have an aggregation diameter of from 80 nm to 300 nm, the aggregated particles have a volume resistivity of from 2×10.sup.9 Ω.Math.cm to 2×10.sup.13 Ω.Math.cm; and the aggregated particles cover a surface of the toner particle, and a coverage ratio of the aggregated particles with respect to the surface of the toner particle is from 0.3 area % to 10.0 area %.

A toner including a toner particle that contains a binder resin, and an inorganic fine particle, wherein the inorganic fine particle contains aggregated particles; the aggregated particles contain primary particles of at least one metal salt selected from the group consisting of titanate metal salts and zirconate metal salts; the primary particles have a number-average particle diameter of from 15 nm to 55 nm; the aggregated particles have an aggregation diameter of from 80 nm to 300 nm, the aggregated particles have a volume resistivity of from 210.sup.9 .Math.cm to 210.sup.13 .Math.cm; and the aggregated particles cover a surface of the toner particle, and a coverage ratio of the aggregated particles with respect to the surface of the toner particle is from 0.3 area % to 10.0 area %.

An electrostatic charge image developing toner includes a toner particle, a lubricant particle that is externally added to the toner particle, and a strontium titanate particle that is externally added to the toner particle, that has an average primary particle diameter of 10 nm or more and 100 nm or less, that has an average primary particle circularity of 0.82 or more and 0.94 or less, and that has a primary particle circularity that becomes 84% of accumulation of more than 0.92.

A toner includes toner particles each including a toner mother particle and external additive particles attached to the surface of the toner mother particle. The external additive particles include fluororesin particles, specific external additive particles, and silica particles. The specific external additive particles contain barium titanate or strontium titanate. The silica particles have a detachment fraction of at least 5% by mass and no greater than 22% by mass. The detachment fraction of the silica particles is a percentage of a mass M.sub.2 of silica particles of the silica particles that have separated from the toner mother particles after ultrasonication to a mass M.sub.1 of the silica particles included in the toner particles before the ultrasonication. The ultrasonication is application of ultrasonic vibration to a mixed liquid of 5 g of the toner and 105.5 g of a nonionic surfactant-containing aqueous solution containing 0.55 g of a nonionic surfactant.

A toner including base particles and external additives on the base particles, the toner satisfying Conditions 1 and 2 defined in the specification, when a number distribution D of particle diameters of powder particles B generated from one base particle A is calculated from a density a of the base particles A and a density b of the powder particles B, where the base particles A and the powder particles B are deposited on an adhesive area and mica respectively by feeding the toner into a vacuumed space from an inlet, and allowing the toner to crush against a surface of a substrate having the adhesive area composed of a carbon tape, and the mica disposed in a manner that the surface is orthogonal to a direction connecting between center of the vacuumed space and center of the inlet, Powder particles B: particles detached from the base particles.

A toner is provided. The toner includes a resin and a fluorine-containing component. The toner satisfies the following formula:
5.0F.sub.XPS/F.sub.XRF25.0
where F.sub.XPS (atomic %) represents a content rate of fluorine atom in the toner determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and F.sub.XRF (weight %) represents another content rate of fluorine atom in the toner determined by X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF).

An electrostatic charge image developing toner includes a toner particle, a lubricant particle that is externally added to the toner particle, and a strontium titanate particle that is externally added to the toner particle, that has an average primary particle diameter of 10 nm or more and 100 nm or less, that has an average primary particle circularity of 0.82 or more and 0.94 or less, and that has a primary particle circularity that becomes 84% of accumulation of more than 0.92.

A layered inorganic mineral including a surface treated with a fluorine-containing compound, where the layered inoganic mineral that can be favorably used for a toner that is excellent in high charging ability, charging stability, and low temperature fixing ability, and that can exhibits high reliability during cleaning.

A toner is provided. The toner includes a resin and a fluorine-containing component. The toner satisfies the following formula:

5.0F.sub.XPS/F.sub.XRF25.0

where F.sub.XPS (atomic %) represents a content rate of fluorine atom in the toner determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and F.sub.XRF (weight %) represents another content rate of fluorine atom in the toner determined by X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF).

The present invention provides an aqueous dispersion of a low-molecular-weight polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), which contains an easily removable surfactant, and has a good dispersion stability. Specifically, the present invention provides an aqueous dispersion of a low-molecular-weight PTFE comprising tetrafluoroethylene (TFE) units, or TFE units and modifying monomer units which are copolymerizable with the TFE units, wherein the aqueous dispersion contains from 70 to 9,000 ppm, based on the aqueous dispersion, of a fluorine-containing compound of the formula (1) below:
X(CF.sub.2).sub.mY(1)
where X is H or F; m is an integer from 3 to 5; and Y is SO.sub.3M, SO.sub.4M, SO.sub.3R, SO.sub.4R, COOM, PO.sub.3M.sub.2 or PO.sub.4M.sub.2, M being H, NH.sub.4 or an alkali metal, and R being an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbons, and the low-molecular-weight PTFE has an average primary particle size of from 100 to 350 nm.