A toner comprising a toner particle and an external additive, wherein the toner particle comprises a core comprising a resin A and a shell comprising a resin B on the surface of the core, the external additive comprises a hydrotalcite particle A, fluorine and aluminum are present in an inner part of the hydrotalcite particle A in line analysis in STEM-EDS mapping analysis of the toner, and a concentration ratio of the number of fluorine atoms relative to aluminum atoms (F/Al) in the hydrotalcite particle A, as determined by primary component mapping of the hydrotalcite particle A in the STEM-EDS mapping analysis of the toner, is 0.01 to 0.60.

A toner comprising a toner particle comprising a binder resin, a fatty acid metal salt particle on a surface of the toner particle, and a hydrotalcite particle on a surface of the toner particle, wherein the hydrotalcite particle comprises fluorine, the fluorine is present inside the hydrotalcite particle in line analysis of STEM-EDS mapping analysis of the toner, and when an area ratio of the fatty acid metal salt particle to the toner particle in an EDS measurement field, which is measured through the STEM-EDS mapping analysis of the toner, is defined as Si (%) and an area ratio of the hydrotalcite particle to the toner particle in the EDS measurement field, which is measured through the STEM-EDS mapping analysis of the toner, is defined as H1 (%), S1/H1 is 0.25 to 9.00.

A toner comprising a toner particle and an external additive, wherein the external additive comprises a silica particle and a hydrotalcite particle containing fluorine which is present in cross sections of the hydrotalcite particle, wherein, when a content of the hydrotalcite particle containing the fluorine and a content of the silica particle to 100 parts by mass of the toner particle are defined as Wh and Ws respectively, Wh and Ws are in specific ranges, and a sum of areas of peaks which are present in a range of −140 to 100 ppm of a chemical shift of the silica particle obtained by a solid-state .sup.29Si-NMR DD/MAS method is defined as S, the area of the peak of a D unit and Q unit are defined as D and Q respectively, the Wh, the Ws, S, the D, and the Q satisfy a specific relationship.

A toner comprising a toner particle, wherein the toner particle comprises a binder resin, a resin A, a wax, and a fatty acid metal salt, the resin A has a substituted or unsubstituted silyl group in a molecule, and a substituent of the substituted silyl group is at least one selected from the group consisting of an alkyl group having 1 or more carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 or more carbon atoms, a hydroxy group, a halogen atom, and an aryl group having 6 or more carbon atoms.

An emulsion aggregation toner including a toner particle comprising at least one resin; an optional colorant; an optional wax; and a reactive charge control agent comprising at least one positive charging compound comprising a member selected from the group consisting of an amine compound having at least 3 carbon atoms, an ammonium compound having at least 3 carbon atoms, a phosphonium compound having at least 3 carbon atoms, a boronium compound having at least 3 carbon atoms, and combinations thereof; at least one reactive anchoring compound comprising a member selected the group consisting of amino, epoxy, carboxylic, hydroxyl, silanol, cyanide, anhydride, aldehyde, ketone, vinyl, and combinations thereof; and wherein the charge control agent optionally further comprises a negative charging compound comprising a member selected from the group consisting of aromatic carboxylic acid, silanol, phenol, pyranone, furanone, and combinations thereof.

An emulsion aggregation toner including a toner particle comprising at least one resin; an optional colorant; an optional wax; and a charge control agent disposed on a surface of the toner particle; the control agent comprising a phenyl based siloxane; and a complex formed from a metal ion donor and at least one of a ligand selected from a member of the group consisting of a polyaromatic acid comprising humic acid, a pyranone based ligand, a furanone based ligand, or a combination thereof.

The present disclosure provides a process cartridge and an electrophotographic apparatus in which fogging is reduced so as to reduce an amount of toner consumed. A process cartridge configured to be detachably attachable to a main body of an electrophotographic apparatus includes a developing unit containing a toner, and an electrophotographic photosensitive member, wherein the toner is a toner that has a toner particle, and has a metal salt of a polyvalent acid at least on a part of a surface of the toner particle; wherein the metal salt of the polyvalent acid includes at least one kind of metal element selected from metal elements belonging to from Group 3 to Group 13, and a surface layer of the electrophotographic photosensitive member contains an acrylic resin or a methacrylic resin.

A toner comprising a toner particle, wherein the toner particle includes a binder resin, where a volume resistivity Ω.Math.cm of an unfixed solid image on a recording material on which the solid image has been formed using the toner at a toner laid-on level of 0.4 mg/cm.sup.2 is denoted by Tv, and a volume resistivity Ω.Math.cm of the solid image after fixing by applying heat and pressure to the recording material is denoted by Fv, Tv/Fv≥8 is satisfied.

A toner includes toner particles and zinc stearate particles. The toner particles each include a toner mother particle containing a binder resin. The zinc stearate particles have a 50% volume cumulative diameter of at least 3.0 μm and no greater than 6.0 μm. A presence ratio of the zinc stearate particles having a particle diameter of no greater than 1.0 μm is no greater than 2.0% by volume relative to a total amount of the zinc stearate particles. A presence ratio of the zinc stearate particles having a particle diameter of at least 10.0 μm is no greater than 2.0% by volume relative to the total amount of the zinc stearate particles.

According to various embodiments, there is provided a toner composition and a developer. The toner composition includes toner particles including a resin, a colorant, a charge control agent, and a surface additive applied to a surface of the toner particles. The surface additive includes strontium titanate (SrTiO.sub.3), silica (SiO.sub.2), silicon tetrachloride (SiCl.sub.4) and a charge control agent.