A method for coating pigment particles is provided, the method comprising heating a polymer resin in a carrier fluid to dissolve the polymer resin; suspending in the carrier fluid white pigment particles to be coated; and cooling the carrier fluid at a rate of 2° C./hr or less to effect precipitation of the polymer resin from the carrier fluid such that a coating of the resin is formed on the pigment particles, thereby producing the white liquid electrophotographic ink composition.

An electrophotographic developer set comprising a toner comprising a thermoplastic resin and a wax, and a powder adhesive comprising a thermoplastic resin and a wax, wherein where Ea (mmol/g) denotes an ester group concentration of the wax contained in the toner, Na (mass %) denotes a content of the wax in the toner, Eb (mmol/g) denotes an ester group concentration of the wax contained in the powder adhesive, and Nb (mass %) denotes a content of the wax in the powder adhesive, the Ea, the Na, the Eb and the Nb satisfy the following formulae: 0.00≤Ea≤2.45, 2.50≤Eb≤3.60, and 0.80≤Nb/Na.

A method for producing a conductive liquid electrophotographic ink composition is described, the method comprising: heating a polymer resin in a carrier fluid to dissolve the polymer resin; adding conductive metallic pigment particles to be coated to the carrier fluid; cooling the carrier fluid to effect precipitation of the polymer resin from the carrier fluid such that a coating of the resin is at least partially formed on the conductive metallic pigment particles; reheating the suspension of partially coated conductive metallic pigment particles in the carrier fluid; and cooling the carrier fluid at a controlled rate to effect precipitation of the polymer resin from the carrier fluid such that a coating of the resin is formed on the conductive metallic pigment particles, thereby producing the conductive liquid electrophotographic ink composition.

Provided is a dispersant for liquid development represented by general formula (1):

##STR00001##

where R.sup.1 represents a monovalent organic group having a polar group, A.sup.1 and A.sup.2 each represent an oxygen or sulfur atom, L.sup.1 and L.sup.2 each represent a divalent organic linking group, X represents a (m+n)-valent organic linking group having an alkyleneoxy group, P.sup.1 represents a polymer chain containing a unit represented by general formula (2), and m and n each represent a number of 1 to 9, with m+n being an integer of 2 to 10:

##STR00002##

where R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 each represent a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, L.sup.3 represents a carbonyloxy, oxycarbonyl, carbonyl, or phenylene group, and R.sup.4 represents a monovalent organic group having at least one selected from a carboxy group, a polyoxyalkylene group, an amino group, a sulfo group, and derivatives of the foregoing.

An ultraviolet-curable liquid developer contains a cationically polymerizable liquid monomer, a photoinitiator, and a toner particle insoluble in the cationically polymerizable liquid monomer. The cationically polymerizable liquid monomer is a vinyl ether compound, and the photoinitiator is a compound having a particular structure.

A method for producing a liquid developer containing a resin binder, a colorant, and an insulating liquid, the resin binder containing a polyester resin A comprising a constituting unit derived from an alcohol component and a constituting unit derived from a carboxylic acid component containing an acid modified product A of an α-olefin polymer having 3 or more carbon atoms and 18 or less carbon atoms, including: step I: stirring raw materials containing the resin binder and the colorant or raw materials containing the resin binder, the colorant, and a part of the insulating liquid at a temperature of equal to or higher than a glass transition temperature of the resin binder; and step II: adding dropwise the insulating liquid to a stirred mixture of the step I in an amount to make a total of the amounts used in the step I and the step II of 50 parts by mass or more and 500 parts by mass or less, based on 100 parts by mass of a total amount of the resin binder and the colorant at a temperature of equal to or higher than a glass transition temperature of the resin binder, thereby carrying out a phase inversion emulsification, to provide a dispersion of toner particles. The liquid developer obtained by the method of the present invention is suitably used for development or the like of latent images formed in electrophotography, electrostatic recording method, electrostatic printing method or the like.

A print agent application assembly is disclosed. The print agent application assembly includes a print agent transfer roller to receive print agent and transfer a portion of the print agent to a photoconductive surface. The print agent application assembly may further include an electrode to provide an electric charge to the print agent transfer roller. The print agent transfer roller and the electrode may define walls of a cavity through which print agent is to pass. The electrode may comprise an aperture via which a portion of the print agent is able to exit the cavity. A method and a print apparatus are also disclosed.

Described herein is a liquid electrostatic ink composition comprising a liquid carrier; and chargeable toner particles comprising a resin and an aluminium-based color-shifting pigment. Also described herein is a method of printing comprising: printing onto a substrate a liquid electrostatic ink composition comprising: a liquid carrier; and chargeable toner particles comprising a resin and an aluminium-based color-shifting pigment, and a printed article comprising a print substrate having printed thereon the electrostatic ink composition.

Provided in one example herein is a liquid electrophotographic varnish composition. The composition includes resin particles each including a polymeric resin mixture, which includes a first polymeric resin including an ethylene-based polymer; and a second polymeric resin including a polyamide. The composition also includes a carrier fluid.

Herein is described a method of providing a printed shrink sleeve, the method comprising: providing a printed substrate comprising a liquid electrophotographically printed ink image; and coating the liquid electrophotographically printed ink image of the printed substrate with a water-based overprint varnish composition. The water-based overprint varnish composition comprising: a varnish resin; a crosslinking component comprising: a compound containing at least two epoxide groups; a compound containing an epoxide group and a silane group; or a compound containing at least two carbodiimide groups; and hydrophobic particles, the ratio of the crosslinking component to the hydrophobic particles by weight being in the range of about 4.9:0.1 to about 1:4.