A method for producing a liquid developer containing a resin binder containing a resin having an acidic group, a colorant, a basic dispersant, and an insulating liquid, including: step I: stirring raw materials containing the resin binder, the colorant, and the basic dispersant at a temperature of equal to or higher than a glass transition temperature of the resin binder; and step II: adding dropwise from 50 to 500 parts by mass of the insulating liquid to a stirred mixture of the step I, based on 100 parts by mass of the stirred mixture at a temperature of equal to or higher than a glass transition temperature of the resin binder, thereby carrying out a phase inversion emulsification, to provide a dispersion of toner particles. The liquid developer obtainable by the method of the present invention is suitably used in development or the like of latent images formed in, for example, electrophotography, electrostatic recording method, electrostatic printing method or the like.

Described herein is a method for priming a print substrate for subsequently receiving a liquid electrophotographic (LEP) inkin which a surface of a print substrate is coated with a first primer using an analogue printing technique and a second primer is digitally printed to the surface of the print substrate coated with the first primer.

Described herein is a liquid electrostatic ink composition. The composition may comprise: a. a carrier liquid; and b. chargeable particles suspended in the carrier liquid, wherein the chargeable particles comprise a thermoplastic resin formed from the reaction of a first resin and a second resin, wherein i. the first resin comprises a polymer having acidic side groups; and ii. the second resin comprises an epoxy resin component and an elastomeric component, wherein the epoxy resin component has one or more epoxide groups per molecule.

A liquid developer comprising a carrier liquid, a toner particle insoluble in the carrier liquid, and a polymer having a primary amino group and soluble in the carrier liquid, wherein the toner particle comprises a polyester resin having an acidic group, an acid value of the polyester resin is at least 5 mg KOH/g, a pKa of the acidic group is not more than 3.4, and the polymer having a primary amino group has a primary amino group at a position other than the end of a main chain of the polymer, and method of producing thereof.

Herein is described a liquid electrophotographic adhesive composition comprising a thermoplastic resin, a moisture activatable adhesive, and a liquid carrier.

Herein is disclosed a liquid electrostatic ink composition. The composition may comprise a liquid carrier having dispersed therein: chargeable particles comprising a thermoplastic resin having acidic side groups; and globular particles comprising a hydrocarbon having a drop point, measured according to ASTM D3954-15, of at least 120 C., the globular particles having a D50 of from 2 m to 7 m and a D90 of 10 m or less, the D50 and D90 being measured in the liquid carrier using laser diffraction and volume distribution, in accordance with ISO13220.

Described herein is a method of producing a perovskite material on a substrate by LEP printing comprising: printing a composition comprising a salt AX and a resin in a carrier liquid; printing a composition comprising a salt selected from BX.sub.2 and in BX.sub.4 and a resin in a carrier liquid; and heat treating the printed compositions; or printing a composition comprising a material with a perovskite structure and a resin in a carrier liquid; wherein the resin comprises a copolymer of an alkylene monomer and a monomer having acidic side groups; and/or a copolymer of an alkylene monomer and an ethylenically unsaturated monomer comprising an epoxide; and/or a copolymer of an alkylene monomer, an ethylenically unsaturated monomer comprising an epoxide, and a monomer selected from a monomer having acidic side groups, a monomer having ester side groups and a mixture thereof. Also described is an ink set and a printed substrate.

Described herein is a liquid electrophotographic ink composition comprising a first thermoplastic resin comprising a copolymer comprising an alkylene monomer and a monomer comprising an epoxide group, and a second thermoplastic resin comprising a copolymer comprising a monomer comprising an anhydride group.

A liquid developer containing toner particles containing a resin and a pigment, wherein the toner particles are dispersed in an insulating liquid, wherein the resin contains a resin H having a softening point of 100 C. or higher and a resin L having a softening point of 93 C. or lower, wherein the resin H is a composite resin HC of a polyester resin and a styrenic resin, and the resin L is a polyester resin LP or a composite resin LC of a polyester resin and a styrenic resin, wherein the composite resin HC and the composite resin LC are each a resin in which a polyester resin and a styrenic resin are chemically bonded via a dually reactive monomer, and a method for producing the same. The liquid developer of the present invention is suitably used in development or the like of latent images formed in, for example, electrophotography, electrostatic recording method, electrostatic printing method or the like.

A liquid developer, which can stably and continuously produce high-quality images without carrier liquid bleeding and which can further provide excellent anti-cold-offset property and fixability. The liquid developer comprises at least: a toner particle comprising a binder resin (A) and a colorant (B); and a carrier liquid (C); wherein the binder resin (A) has an acid value within the range of 20 to 40 mgKOH/g, and the carrier liquid (C) is a non-aromatic hydrocarbon comprising an isoparaffin, wherein the carrier liquid (C) has an initial boiling point within the range of 200 to 250 C. and a dry point within the range of 300 to 450 C., and the difference between the dry point and the initial boiling point is 80 to 200 C.