A liquid developer includes toner particles containing, as a binder resin, at least a polyester resin containing a monomer unit, which includes a linear or branched chain saturated hydrocarbon chain having 2 to 5 carbon atoms between ester bonds, in a range of from 5 mol % to 25 mol % with respect to all monomer units included in the polyester resin, and a colorant; and a carrier liquid including an insulating liquid.

Provided in one example herein is a liquid electrophotographic ink composition. The composition comprises: a carrier fluid comprising a polymer; ink particles each comprising a non-aqueous polymeric resin and pigment particles distributed in the polymeric resin; and a charge director. The pigment particles comprise a metal oxide and have a hydrophobic surface. The hydrophobic surface comprises at least one of the following: (i) nanoparticles attached to each of the pigment particles, the nanoparticles comprising at least one of an oxide, a phosphate, and a nitrate; (ii) a coating disposed over each of the pigment particles, the coating comprising at least one of an oxide, a phosphate, and a nitrate; and (iii) a coating disposed over each of the pigment particles, the coating comprising at least one of a polymer and an oligomer.

A colored resin particle dispersion and an inkjet ink are provided which preferably exhibit excellent rub fastness and alcohol resistance, and yield printed items having high image density. Specifically, a colored resin particle dispersion includes colored resin particles, a basic dispersant and a non-aqueous solvent. The colored resin particles include a colorant, a thermoplastic solid resin and a liquid organic compound having an acidic group, and the thermoplastic solid resin has a polar parameter p and a hydrogen bonding parameter h from the Hansen solubility parameters that satisfy p=2.5 to 11.0 and h=5.0 to 12.0 respectively is provided.

A liquid developer containing toner particles containing a resin containing a polyester and a pigment, wherein the toner particles are dispersed in an insulating liquid in the presence of a dispersant,

wherein the insulating liquid has a boiling point of 300 C. or lower, and wherein the insulating liquid has a peak intensity ratio of a methyl group calculated by the formula (1):

[00001]$\begin{array}{cc}\mathrm{Peak}.Math..Math.\mathrm{Intensity}.Math..Math.\mathrm{Ratio}.Math..Math.\left(\%\right).Math..Math.\mathrm{of}.Math..Math.\mathrm{Methyl}.Math..Math.\mathrm{Groups}=\frac{A}{A+B}100.Math..Math.10& \left(1\right)\end{array}$

wherein A is a peak intensity ascribed to CH.sub.3 stretching vibration when measured with a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, B is a total peak intensity ascribed to CH.sub.2 stretching vibration and CH stretching vibration,
of 25% or more, or wherein the insulating liquid contains a polyisobutene.

The present disclosure relates to an electrophotographic composition. The composition comprises composite particles comprising particles of wax dispersed in a matrix comprising an olefin polymer having acid and/or ester side groups. The wax has a melting point of at least 130 degrees C.

Herein is disclosed an electrostatic ink composition, wherein the composition is formable by combining: chargeable particles comprising a resin, a charge director comprising a sulfosuccinate salt, and a non-polymeric, non-fatty acid having a pK.sub.a, when measured in water at 20 C., of at least 1. Also disclosed herein is a method of forming an electrostatic ink composition, and a method of electrostatic printing.

An image forming apparatus includes a photosensitive member that rotates at a first speed, an intermediate transfer member that rotates at a second speed lower than the first speed, and a collecting member disposed in a state in which a fixed surface is pressed against the rotating intermediate transfer member. The collecting member collects toner remaining on the intermediate transfer member after a toner image is secondarily transferred from the intermediate transfer member to a transfer material.

A liquid developer containing toner particles containing a resin containing a polyester and a pigment, wherein the toner particles are dispersed in an insulating liquid in the presence of a dispersant, wherein the insulating liquid has an evaporation rate after holding at 40 C. for 30 minutes of less than 0.26% by mass; and a method for producing a liquid developer containing toner particles containing a resin containing a polyester and a pigment, wherein the toner particles are dispersed in an insulating liquid in the presence of a dispersant, including: step 1: melt-kneading a resin containing a polyester and a pigment, and pulverizing a kneaded product obtained, to provide toner particles; step 2: adding a dispersant to the toner particles obtained in the step 1, and dispersing the toner particles in an insulating liquid to provide a dispersion of toner particles, and step 3: subjecting the dispersion of toner particles obtained in the step 2 to wet-milling, to provide a liquid developer, wherein the insulating liquid has an evaporation rate after holding at 40 C. for 30 minutes of less than 0.26% by mass. The liquid developer of the present invention is suitably used, for example, in development or the like of latent images formed in electrophotography, electrostatic recording method, electrostatic printing method or the like.

A liquid developer containing toner particles containing a resin binder and a pigment, wherein the toner particles are dispersed in an insulating liquid in the presence of a dispersant, wherein the resin binder contains a polyester resin P having a glass transition temperature of 35 C. or higher, obtained by polycondensing raw material monomers containing an alcohol component comprising an aliphatic diol having 2 or more carbon atoms and 6 or less carbon atoms in an amount of 70% by mol or more and 100% by mol or less, and a carboxylic acid component, and wherein the dispersant contains a copolymer C prepared by polymerizing a monomer A having an amino group and a monomer B represented by the formula (I):

##STR00001##

wherein R.sup.1 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; and R.sup.2 is an alkyl group having 1 or more carbon atoms and 22 or less carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 or more carbon atoms and 22 or less carbon atoms, each of which may have a substituent, wherein a molar ratio of the monomer A to the monomer B (monomer A/monomer B) is 2/98 or more and 50/50 or less; and a method for producing the same. The liquid developer of the present invention is suitably used in development or the like of latent images formed in electrophotography, electrostatic recording method, electrostatic printing method or the like.

Provided in one example herein is a liquid electrophotographic ink composition. The composition includes a charge director, a non-polar carrier fluid comprising a polymer; and ink particles each including a polymeric resin and a pigment dispersed in the resin. The ink composition also includes a tackifier.