According to an example, a resin, a carrier liquid, and a pearlescent pigment may be mixed to form a liquid electrophotographic ink.

A liquid developer containing a liquid carrier and a toner particle that is insoluble in the liquid carrier, wherein a particular substructure is bonded through a covalent bond to a surface of the toner particle, and a method of producing a liquid developer containing a liquid carrier and a toner particle that is insoluble in the liquid carrier, the method comprising a step (I) of covalently bonding, to a surface of the toner particle, a compound having a particular substructure.

A liquid developer containing toner particles containing a resin binder and a colorant, a dispersant, and an insulating liquid, wherein the resin binder contains a polyester-based resin, and wherein the insulating liquid contains 50% by mass or more of a saturated fatty acid ester which is an ester of a saturated fatty acid and an alcohol having 3 or more carbon atoms. The liquid developer of the present invention is suitably used in development or the like of latent images formed in, for example, electrophotography, electrostatic recording method, electrostatic printing method or the like.

Provided is a liquid developer containing a carrier liquid with an SP value of not more than 8.20, a toner particle that is insoluble in the carrier liquid, and a toner particle dispersing agent, wherein the toner particle contains a polyester resin with an acid value of from 5 mg KOH/g to 50 mg KOH/g, a number-average molecular weight of the polyester resin is from 3,500 to 20,000, the toner particle dispersing agent is a polymer having a primary amino group, an amine value of the polymer having the primary amino group is from 30 mg KOH/g to 200 mg KOH/g, and a ratio of a total number of acid groups in the polyester resin relative to a total number of amino groups in the polymer having the primary amino group is from 1.0 to 10.0.

A method for producing a liquid developer containing a resin binder containing a resin having an acidic group, a colorant, a basic dispersant, and an insulating liquid, including: step I: stirring raw materials containing the resin binder, the colorant, and the basic dispersant at a temperature of equal to or higher than a glass transition temperature of the resin binder; and step II: adding dropwise from 50 to 500 parts by mass of the insulating liquid to a stirred mixture of the step I, based on 100 parts by mass of the stirred mixture at a temperature of equal to or higher than a glass transition temperature of the resin binder, thereby carrying out a phase inversion emulsification, to provide a dispersion of toner particles. The liquid developer obtainable by the method of the present invention is suitably used in development or the like of latent images formed in, for example, electrophotography, electrostatic recording method, electrostatic printing method or the like.

A liquid developer containing toner particles containing a resin binder containing a polyester-based resin and a colorant, a dispersant, and an insulating liquid, wherein the dispersant contains a dispersant X having an adsorbing group having a nitrogen-containing group represented by the formula (I): ##STR00001##
wherein each of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3, which may be identical or different, is an alkylene group having 1 or more carbon atoms and 22 or less carbon atoms, an alkenylene group having 2 or more carbon atoms and 22 or less carbon atoms, an alkynylene group having 2 or more carbon atoms and 22 or less carbon atoms, or an arylene group having 6 or more carbon atoms and 22 or less carbon atoms, and a dispersing group having a hydrocarbon group having a number-average molecular weight of 500 or more, and wherein the dispersant X has a mass ratio of the adsorbing group to the dispersing group (adsorbing group/dispersing group) of 1/99 or more and 42/58 or less, and a proportion of the dispersing group having a hydrocarbon group having a number-average molecular weight of 500 or more in all the dispersing groups of 55% by mass or more. The liquid developer of the present invention is suitably used in development or the like of latent images formed in, for example, electrophotography, electrostatic recording method, electrostatic printing method or the like.

Described herein is a LEP ink composition comprising a luminescent component, a resin; and a carrier liquid security liquid electrostatic ink composition for printing a security image.

A liquid electrophotographic (LEP) ink can include a liquid ink vehicle, a conductive toner including a conductive pigment and a polymeric binder, and a charge director. The liquid electrophotographic ink can have a conductivity of from 150 to 2000 picoSiemens.

Herein is described a liquid electrostatic ink composition comprising a carrier liquid, a resin, a colorant selected from a magenta colorant, a cyan colorant and a black colorant, an amine-containing basic dispersant having a total base number (TBN) in the range of about 10 to about 65 mgKOH/g material, the amine-containing basic dispersant present in an amount from about 5 wt. % to about 40 wt. % by total weight of colorant.

In an aspect, there is provided a method of foil printing that may comprise providing a substrate, the substrate having a first area and a second area, wherein the first area has printed thereon a first electrostatic ink composition comprising a thermoplastic resin; applying a liquid solvent composition to the first electrostatic ink composition on the first area, to swell the thermoplastic resin and not applying the liquid solvent composition to the second area; and contacting a foiling material with the first area of the surface, such that the foiling material selectively adheres to the first area. In another aspect, an electrostatic and foil printing system for performing the method is provided.