Provided is a memory system coupled to a plurality of hosts each including an FTL. The memory system may include: a controller suitable for allowing only a write request to be received from any one of the plurality of hosts, when a write lock for a write request from the any one host is set; and a memory device controlled by the controller, and suitable for performing a write operation according to the write request from the any one host, wherein the controller includes: a lock manager suitable for setting a write lock depending on whether a lock is set in the memory device, and releasing the write lock when the write operation is completed; and a sync manager suitable for controlling synchronization of FTL metadata of the FTLs of the other hosts excluding the any one host, according to whether the write operation is successfully performed.

A memory system includes a nonvolatile memory, an interface circuit, and a controller configured to upon receipt of a plurality of write commands for storing write data in the nonvolatile memory via the interface circuit, acquire compression-ratio information about the write data associated with each write command, determine a compression ratio of each write data based on the acquired compression-ratio information, and determine an execution order of the write commands based on the determined compression ratio.

An Intelligent Real-Time Robot Operating System (IRT-ROS) architecture and an operation method thereof are provided. The IRT-ROS architecture includes a General-Purpose OS kernel, a Real-Time OS kernel, and an Inter-processor Interrupt interface. The General-Purpose OS kernel is configured to run a General-Purpose OS to execute a non-real-time process. The Real-Time OS kernel is configured to run a Real-Time OS to execute a real-time process. The IPI interface is connected between the General-Purpose OS kernel and the Real-Time OS kernel, and is configured to support communication between the non-real-time process and the real-time process. The AIRT-ROS architecture allows Linux and RTERS to respectively execute non-real-time process and real-time process, and to respectively respond IRQ of non-real-time devices and IRQ of real-time devices. Communications between non-real-time process and real-time process are supported. Therefore, the workload for driving the general-purpose external devices is greatly reduced.

A neural processing device and a method for using shared page table thereof are provided. The neural processing device including at least one neural processor, a shared memory shared by the at least one neural processor, and a global interconnection configured to exchange data between the at least one neural processor and the shared memory, comprises at least one processing unit each of which included in each of the at least one neural processor and configured to provide logical addresses, a memory management unit configured to receive and translate the logical addresses into physical addresses, and a physical memory accessible by the physical addresses, wherein the memory management unit comprises a shared page table that has translation information between the logical addresses and the physical addresses and is shared by at least one process with each other.

An apparatus includes a first memory, processing units that access the first memory, and a counter that, for each period of a sequence of periods, holds an indication of accesses to the first memory during the period; and control logic that, for each period of the sequence of periods, monitors the indication to determine whether it exceeds the threshold and, if so, stalls the processing units from accessing the first memory for a remaining portion of the period.

This disclosure describes methods, devices, systems, and procedures in a computing system for capturing a configuration state of an operating system executing on a central processing unit (CPU), and offloading resource-related tasks, based on the configuration state, to a resource management unit such as a system-on-chip (SoC). The resource management unit identifies a status of each resource based on the captured configuration state of the operating system. The resource management unit then processes tasks associated with the status of the resources, such as modifying a clock rate of a clocked component in the computing system. This can alleviate the CPU from processing those tasks thereby improving overall computing system performance and dynamics.

A technique provides a solution for establishing a socket connection in a user space. After receiving a request for establishing a socket connection from a first application, the monitor sends the connection request to a second application, wherein the first application and the second application run on the same computing device. Then, the monitor coordinates establishing, in user space of the operating system, a peer-to-peer socket connection between the first application and the second application. By establishing a socket connection in the user space of the operating system, embodiments of the present disclosure can achieve a user space socket connection between different applications within a single computing device, thereby improving the performance of the operating system. In addition, embodiments of the present disclosure use the monitor (or controller) to coordinate inter-application connection establishment and resource allocation, thereby ensuring security of the operating system.

This document discloses techniques, apparatuses, and systems for inter-service communication management to manage inter-service communication between a server-side service and a client-side service. The inter-service management system may comprise memory and a controller configured to perform the inter-service communication management. In aspects, a configuration file may be used to obtain information specifying a first inter-service communication mechanism for communicating one or more messages between the client-side and server-side services. The inter-service communication management system may instantiate a stub associated with the inter-service communication mechanism information, which can be used to communicate a message from the server-side service to a proxy that interacts with the client-side service. The message may then be forwarded from the proxy to the client-side service to enable inter-service communication between the server-side service and the client-side service.

An apparatus includes a CPU core and a L1 cache subsystem including a L1 main cache, a L1 victim cache, and a L1 controller. The apparatus includes a L2 cache subsystem including a L2 main cache, a shadow L1 main cache, a shadow L1 victim cache, and a L2 controller configured to receive a read request from the L1 controller as a single transaction. Read request includes a read address, a first indication of an address and a coherence state of a cache line A to be moved from the L1 main cache to the L1 victim cache to allocate space for data returned in response to the read request, and a second indication of an address and a coherence state of a cache line B to be removed from the L1 victim cache in response to the cache line A being moved to the L1 victim cache.

A memory system is provided to include a first virtual function controller in communication with a first virtual machine of a host and configured to receive, from the first virtual machine, a command for accessing a namespace and provide, to the first virtual machine, a response to the command; a second virtual function controller in communication with a second virtual machine of the host and configured to be coupled to the namespace and receive the command from the first virtual function controller based on status information of the first virtual function controller and the second virtual function controller; a buffer memory configured to provide an area for data corresponding to the command; and a memory controller configured to access the namespace based on the command and provide the buffer memory with the data.