A microelectronic device includes a resistive differential alignment monitor (RDAM), including a first variable-width resistor and a second variable-width resistor, which are members of a conductor level. Each of the resistors include a wide portion and a narrow portion. The RDAM further includes a vertical connector to each of the wide portion and the narrow portion of the first variable-width resistor, and to the wide portion and the narrow portion of the second variable-width resistor. The vertical connectors are members of a vertical connector level. Test terminals are coupled to the vertical connectors. The vertical connectors to the first variable-width resistor and the vertical connectors to the second variable-width resistor are separated by equal distances and are oriented anti-parallel to each other. The RDAM may be used to estimate a misalignment distance between the members of the vertical connector level and the members of the conductor level.

An actuator is used to longitudinally move a spline sleeve for controlling drive mode of a differential on an off-road vehicle. The actuator's motor rotates an eccentric knob through a drive train including intermediate gears and a worm gear. The eccentric knob is linked to the spline sleeve through a torsion spring carried on a pivot plate, with legs of the torsion spring pushing a slide block, transferring a moment provided by the eccentric knob into a linear slide force. The pivot plate and torsion spring are jointly mounted on the actuator housing by a hub, opposite the rotational axis of the eccentric knob from the slide block. The slide block includes a contact which completes a circuit through conductive pads on the actuator housing, so the position of the slide block can be directly sensed.

An actuator is used to longitudinally move a spline sleeve for controlling drive mode of a differential on an off-road vehicle. The actuator's motor rotates an eccentric knob through a drive train including intermediate gears and a worm gear. The eccentic knob is linked to the spline sleeve through a torsion spring carried on a pivot plate, with legs of the torsion spring pushing a slide block, transferring a moment provided by the eccentric knob into a linear slide force. The pivot plate and torsion spring are jointly mounted on the actuator housing by a hub, opposite the rotational axis of the eccentric knob from the slide block. The slide block includes a contact which completes a circuit through conductive pads on the actuator housing, so the position of the slide block can be directly sensed.

An electronic position encoder includes a scale and detector. The detector includes a field generating coil (FGC) having elongated portions (EPs) bounding a generated field area (GFA) aligned with sensing windings, to provide position signals responsive to the scale interacting with the generated field. Sensing elements and EPs are fabricated in “front” layers of the detector. A transverse conductor portion (TCP) fabricated in a “rear” layer connects the EP of the FGC via feedthroughs. A shield region in a layer between the front and rear layers intercepts at least a majority of a projection of the TCP toward the front layers to eliminate undesirable signal effects. The FGC feedthroughs generate GFC feedthrough stray fields. Feedthrough pairs that connect sensing winding signals to rear layers of the detector are specially configured to mitigate undesirable signal effects that may otherwise result from their coupling to the GFC feedthrough stray fields.

Provided is a sensing unit including first sensing electrodes arranged along a first direction in a sensing area, and second sensing electrodes arranged along a second direction intersecting the first direction. Each of the first sensing electrodes includes a plurality of first mesh lines, and each of the second sensing electrodes includes a plurality of second mesh lines. A line width of the first mesh lines is different from a line width of the second mesh lines.

An angle sensor may comprise a sensing element including a first half bridge, where magnetic reference directions of resistors of the first half bridge are along a first reference axis. The sensing element may include a second half bridge, where magnetic reference directions of resistors of the second half bridge are along a second reference axis. The sensing element may include a third half bridge, where magnetic reference directions of resistors of the third half bridge are along a third reference axis. At least two of the first reference axis, the second reference axis, or the third reference axis may be non-orthogonal to each other.

Provided is a sensing unit including first sensing electrodes arranged along a first direction in a sensing area, and second sensing electrodes arranged along a second direction intersecting the first direction. Each of the first sensing electrodes includes a plurality of first mesh lines, and each of the second sensing electrodes includes a plurality of second mesh lines. A line width of the first mesh lines is different from a line width of the second mesh lines.

An actuator is used to longitudinally move a spline sleeve for controlling drive mode of a differential on an off-road vehicle. The actuator's motor rotates an eccentric knob through a drive train including intermediate gears and a worm gear. The eccentic knob is linked to the spline sleeve through a torsion spring carried on a pivot plate, with legs of the torsion spring pushing a slide block, transferring a moment provided by the eccentric knob into a linear slide force. The pivot plate and torsion spring are jointly mounted on the actuator housing by a hub, opposite the rotational axis of the eccentric knob from the slide block. The slide block includes a contact which completes a circuit through conductive pads on the actuator housing, so the position of the slide block can be directly sensed.

An actuator is used to longitudinally move a spline sleeve for controlling drive mode of a differential on an off-road vehicle. The actuator's motor rotates an eccentric knob through a drive train including intermediate gears and a worm gear. The eccentic knob is linked to the spline sleeve through a torsion spring carried on a pivot plate, with legs of the torsion spring pushing a slide block, transferring a moment provided by the eccentric knob into a linear slide force. The pivot plate and torsion spring are jointly mounted on the actuator housing by a hub, opposite the rotational axis of the eccentric knob from the slide block. The slide block includes a contact which completes a circuit through conductive pads on the actuator housing, so the position of the slide block can be directly sensed.

An actuator is used to longitudinally move a spline sleeve for controlling drive mode of a differential on an off-road vehicle. The actuator's motor rotates an eccentric knob through a drive train including intermediate gears and a worm gear. The eccentic knob is linked to the spline sleeve through a torsion spring carried on a pivot plate, with legs of the torsion spring pushing a slide block, transferring a moment provided by the eccentric knob into a linear slide force. The pivot plate and torsion spring are jointly mounted on the actuator housing by a hub, opposite the rotational axis of the eccentric knob from the slide block. The slide block includes a contact which completes a circuit through conductive pads on the actuator housing, so the position of the slide block can be directly sensed.