Described are systems and methods for optical characterization of inclusions, such as solids and liquids, in liquid samples. An inclusion characterization system may include a radiation source, a radiation detector, a sample optical cell, and a sample delivery mechanism. The radiation detector may be configured to perform time resolved measurements. The sample may be delivered to the sample optical cell by the sample delivery mechanism at a flow rate set for preserving the sample integrity (i.e., the transport rate). The inclusion characterization in the sample may be performed at flow rates set for sample analysis (i.e., the analysis rate). The analysis rate may differ from the transport rate. The rate difference may be achieved by diverting only a portion of the overall sample into the sample optical cell. Also provided are examples of disengagement of sample transport and analysis flow rates.

The device for detecting turbidity in an aqueous flushing solution is characterized by a base body, at least one light source, a detector device at which the at least one light source is aimed, a holding unit for a component, containing the flushing solution, between the at least one light source and the detector device, and a display device for the findings of turbidity detected.

Provided are a fire detection apparatus and method for analyzing a spectral distribution of secondary light generated as primary light is scattered or transmitted through smoke particles to distinguish between fire smoke generated due to an actual fire and living smoke generated in daily life, thereby reducing non-fire alarms. When smoke enters the inside of the fire detection apparatus (100) due to a fire, secondary light (150) scattered or transmitted through smoke particles (140) is incident on the light receiver (120). Upon receiving the secondary light (150), the light receiver (120) outputs a spectrum (170) of the secondary light (150). The fire identification unit (160) receives and analyzes the spectrum (170) of the secondary light (150) and identifies whether the smoke particles (140) are particles of living smoke or particles of fire smoke.

Systems and procedures for implementing radiometric calibration are disclosed. In some embodiments a radiometry system includes a light source that generates light. The radiometry system further includes a transmissive diffuser configured to receive the light and comprising a first translucent element having a surface and/or internal diffusion structure that substantially scatters the light. An optical detector is configured to receive and detect diffused light from the transmissive diffuser.

A method, system and devices assisting detection of a cover/cap. The method includes monitoring detection chamber readings from a plurality of detectors and identifying an anomaly in the detection chamber readings. Further, the one or more detectors from the plurality of detectors each having an anomaly are determined from the detection chamber readings. An alert is executed based on the anomaly in the detection chamber readings.

The particle sensor device comprises a substrate, a photodetector, a dielectric on or above the substrate, a source of electromagnetic radiation, and a through-substrate via in the substrate. The through-substrate via is exposed to the environment, in particular to ambient air. A waveguide is arranged in or above the dielectric so that the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the source of electromagnetic radiation is coupled into a portion of the waveguide. A further portion of the waveguide is opposite the photodetector, so that said portions of the waveguide are on different sides of the through-substrate via, and the waveguide traverses the through-substrate via.

A detection unit that detects smoke contained in a gas by radiating detection light toward a detection space for detecting smoke, and an inner labyrinth for inhibiting ambient light from entering the detection space, the inner labyrinth being provided to cover an outer edge of the detection space are included, the detection unit includes a light emitting unit that radiates the detection light and a light receiving unit that receives the detection light radiated by the light emitting unit, and at least a part of a side surface of the inner labyrinth on a side of the detection space is formed in a flat shape capable of inhibiting the detection light reflected by the inner labyrinth from entering a field of view RV of the light receiving unit in the detection space.

A flow path device includes: a first substrate having a pair of first main surfaces, a groove and a first recessed portion; and a second substrate having a pair of second main surfaces. The groove includes an opening located in one of the pair of first main surfaces. The first recessed portion includes another opening located in another one of the pair of first main surfaces and overlaps the groove. One of the pair of second main surfaces is located on a side of the one of the pair of first main surfaces to cover the opening of the groove. The groove is a band-like shape, and includes a first planar part and a second planar part connected to the first planar part. The second planar part has a width larger than the first planar part. The first recessed portion overlaps the second planar part.

A chamberless indoor air quality monitor system includes a detector body. A resistive heater is operatively connected to the detector body. An active temperature sensor operatively connected to the resistive heater and operatively connected to an outer surface of the detector body configured to take an active temperature measurement. A method for measuring temperature in a chamberless indoor air quality monitor system includes generating an active temperature measurement with an active temperature sensor operatively connected to an outer surface of the detector body. The method includes heating the active temperature sensor with a resistive heater operatively connected to the detector body. The method includes comparing the active temperature measurements to one another to generate a corrected active temperature measurement based on a temperature difference over time between one or more of the active temperature measurements.

A system for in-situ monitoring of particles in a process fluid includes a flow channel having a window for flowing the process fluid therethrough. The window includes an inner surface having a coating thereon that reduces a buildup rate of the particles on the inner surface. A light source is for directing a polarized beam along a first beam path through the window into the process fluid such that an output beam emerges from the process fluid along a second beam path. A polarizing filter positioned in the second beam path is for filtering the output beam. A photodetector is for detecting the output beam after passing the polarizing filter that generates signals that represent images of the particles in the process fluid. A controller coupled to the photodetector is for analyzing the signals to determine at least one parameter related to the particles in the process fluid.