A detection device for simultaneous in-situ measurement of dissolved oxygen at different submerged plant leaf-water interface levels. The detection device includes a dissolved oxygen micro-optrode host. A plurality of detection probes are externally connected to the dissolved oxygen micro-optrode host and can extend out probes. The detection device includes a leaf clamp having an upper clamping head, a lower clamping head, a hinged shaft and a clamping handle. Each of the upper and lower clamping head includes a plurality of water passing cavities penetrating through the back and the front thereof. Each of the upper and lower clamping head includes a plurality of slots horizontally extending inwardly of the corresponding clamping head. The detection device includes a plurality of insertion pieces having a probe groove. The detection probe is locatable in the respective probe groove for fixation. The insertion pieces are insertable and fixable in the slots.

A hydrogen sensor for detecting hydrogen in a fluid in physical contact with the sensor comprises a sensing element, a first protection layer, provided to prevent contact of the sensing element with a sensor poisoning gas in the fluid, wherein the first protection layer comprises PMMA. Further, a hydrogen detection system, an electrical device having such a system and a method for producing a sensor are provided.

There is disclosed a method of calibrating a gas sensor comprising a luminescent compound having a luminescence lifetime that is quenched by a gaseous substance which uses a model of the relationship between the luminescence lifetime and the concentration of the gaseous substance that is modified by a calibration factor representing a proportion of the compound not being exposed to the gaseous substance, the method comprising: measuring values of the luminescence lifetime of the luminescent compound while the gas sensor is exposed to at least two known concentrations of the gaseous substance; and deriving the calibration factor from the measured values of the luminescence lifetime using the model. Also disclosed are a corresponding gas sensor apparatus for measuring the concentration of a gaseous substance in an environment, and method of measuring a concentration of a gaseous substance in an environment using a gas sensor.

A method for manufacturing an ion sensor, especially a pH measurement sensor, based on optical fibre, including the following steps: cleaving the optical fibre, with free hydroxyl groups appearing on the cleavage surface, grafting a layer of trifunctional silane directly on free hydroxyl groups having appeared accordingly on the cleavage surface of the optical fibre, without a prior external activation step, grafting a layer of difunctional silane on the cleavage surface of the optical fibre, and grafting a fluorescent dye.

There is provided a method of calibrating a sensor comprising a luminescent compound having a luminescence that depends on the concentration of an analyte, and a detector configured to detect light emitted by the luminescent compound, the method comprising providing a component comprising the luminescent compound in a package that maintains exposure of the luminescent compound to the analyte at a known first concentration, assembling the component into the sensor and measuring a first value of a characteristic of the luminescence of the luminescent compound while exposed to the analyte at the first concentration, measuring a second value of the characteristic of the luminescence of the luminescent compound while exposed to the analyte at a known second concentration different from the first concentration, and determining parameters representing the dependence of the characteristic of the luminescence on concentration of the analyte using the first value and the second value.

A continuous glucose monitoring system may include a hand-held monitor, a transmitter, an insulin pump, and an orthogonally redundant glucose sensor, which may comprise an optical glucose sensor and a non-optical glucose sensor. The former may be a fiber optical sensor, including a competitive glucose binding affinity assay with a glucose analog and a fluorophore-labeled glucose receptor, which is interrogated by an optical interrogating system, e.g., a stacked planar integrated optical system. The non-optical sensor may be an electrochemical sensor having a plurality of electrodes distributed along the length thereof. Proximal portions of the optical and electrochemical sensors may be housed inside the transmitter and operationally coupled with instrumentation for, e.g., receiving signals from the sensors, converting to respective glucose values, and communicating the glucose values. The sensors' distal portions may be inserted into a user's body via a single delivery needle and may be co-located inside the user's body.

A sensor membrane for an optical sensor, wherein the outer layer in contact with the medium and/or a layer adjacent thereto has a graft copolymer to form an omniphobic surface in contact with the medium, as well as a sensor cap and/or an optical sensor and a method for manufacturing the sensor membrane.

A continuous glucose monitoring system may include a hand-held monitor, a transmitter, an insulin pump, and an orthogonally redundant glucose sensor, which may comprise an optical glucose sensor and a non-optical glucose sensor. The former may be a fiber optical sensor, including a competitive glucose binding affinity assay with a glucose analog and a fluorophore-labeled glucose receptor, which is interrogated by an optical interrogating system, e.g., a stacked planar integrated optical system. The non-optical sensor may be an electrochemical sensor having a plurality of electrodes distributed along the length thereof. Proximal portions of the optical and electrochemical sensors may be housed inside the transmitter and operationally coupled with instrumentation for, e.g., receiving signals from the sensors, converting to respective glucose values, and communicating the glucose values. The sensors' distal portions may be inserted into a user's body via a single delivery needle and may be co-located inside the user's body.

A system for detecting target molecules includes a sample well defining a sensing region and two electrode regions, a sensor positioned in the sensing region and sensitized to the target molecules, an electrode positioned in each electrode region and configured to expose the sensor to a frequency-modulated electric field, and a detector configured to detect both an amplitude of oscillation of the sensor at a frequency of the modulated electric field and a direction of a displacement of the sensor. The sensing region defines a channel between the electrodes, and a ratio of a current density at a center of the sensing region to a current density at one of the electrodes is at least 2. The system allows detection of target molecules in a normal ionic strength buffer (e.g., having an ionic strength in a range of about 10 mM to about 1 M).

The method presented uses thermally emissive materials for the extraction of heat through the use of electromagnetic waveguides, wherein the emissive material comprises materials which emit electromagnetic radiation due to thermal excitation, wherein the electromagnetic radiation is coupled to electromagnetic waveguides; a receiver adapted to receive the electromagnetic radiation for utilization, wherein the extracted electromagnetic radiation may propagate arbitrary distances inside the waveguides before the need for processing, for example, to maximize the temperature differential between the emissive material and that of the receiver; and the exchange of the chemical composition of some portion of the environment the apparatus is housed in. The thermal energy extraction apparatus described herein has the purpose of removing heat from a source for conversion to other forms of energy such as electricity and for thermal management applications. Wherein for heat management, the benefit of waveguides would constitute reduced interference with electronics through electromagnetic coupling.