Provided is a method for determining, in a sample, enrichments of a first and a second stable-labeled tracer of a target substance including glucose, the first tracer and the second tracer having the same or similar chemical structure as the target substance, the method including: ionizing the first tracer, the second tracer and the target substance of the sample; measuring intensities of ions deriving from the target substance, the first tracer and the second tracer using a mass analyzer; calculating an enrichment of the first tracer from a first ratio of intensity of the ions deriving from the first tracer to the intensity of the ions deriving from the target substance employing a first calibration curve independent of enrichments of each of the second tracer; wherein the mass analyzer is operated so as to resolve an ion peak deriving from a tracer and having a width Δ(m/z) at half maximum peak height equal to or smaller than 1×10.sup.−2.

Provided is a packing material for HILIC columns for more accurately and more easily performing oligosaccharide analysis by liquid chromatography; an HILIC column which is filled with the packing material for HILIC columns; and a method for analyzing an oligosaccharide with use of this packing material for HILIC columns A packing material for HILIC columns according to the present invention is composed of particles, each of which is obtained by reacting glycidol to a hydroxyl group of a porous cross-linked polymer base material having the hydroxyl group, and which have a hydrophilicity index of 2.30 or more and a surface-pH index of from 0.95 to 1.05.

The present invention relates to analytical methods for identifying and quantifying complex glycoconjugate compositions, particularly to the analysis of a polysaccharide component of a glycoprotein in a sample. The invention further relates to the use of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry systems (“LC-MS systems”) in such analytical methods, e.g. to the use of LC-MS systems for in process control during glycoconjugate manufacturing.

Provided herein are methods of measuring glycogen and methods of diagnosing a disease. One method of measuring includes separating sugar monomers and sugar phosphates using gas-chromatography, and analyzing the monomers and phosphates using mass spectrometry. Another method of measuring includes adding an isoamylase to a sample, the isoamylase cleaving glucose chains from glycogen; applying a matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) ionization matrix to the sample; and analyzing the samples using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS). The method of diagnosing a disease includes determining an amount and location of glycogen accumulation in a subject; and diagnosing a disease when over-accumulation of glycogen is determined.

The invention belongs to the technical field of natural medicinal chemistry and quality control thereof, and relates to a method for determining the weight average molecular weight and the purity of a soluble salt of an acidic saccharide. The method comprises using metal ion content in the soluble salt of an acidic saccharide to correct the weight average molecular weight and the content of the of acid saccharide obtained by the combined use of the molecular sieve chromatography and a multi-angle laser scattering detector SEC-MALS. The method of the present invention can be used to more quickly and accurately determine the weight average molecular weight and content of acidic saccharide soluble salts.

The invention belongs to the technical field of natural medicinal chemistry and quality control thereof, and relates to a method for determining the weight average molecular weight and the purity of a soluble salt of an acidic saccharide. The method comprises using metal ion content in the soluble salt of an acidic saccharide to correct the weight average molecular weight and the content of the of acid saccharide obtained by the combined use of the molecular sieve chromatography and a multi-angle laser scattering detector SEC-MALS. The method of the present invention can be used to more quickly and accurately determine the weight average molecular weight and content of acidic saccharide soluble salts.

A novel analytical system and method to analyze complex carbohydrates such as human milk oligosaccharides by low-temperature High-Performance Anion Exchange Chromatography with Pulsed Amperometric Detection and High-resolution Mass Spectrometry (HPAE-PAD-MS). The analytical system controls the temperature of the column, electrochemical detector, and ion removal device at or below 15° C. The HPAE-PAD workflow with high-resolution mass spectrometry provides useful molecular structure information. It facilitates the detection of milk oligosaccharides, particularly unknown structures, without the use of analytical standards.

The present disclosure provides new reagents for labeling and detecting O-glycans released from a glycoconjugate, such as a glycoprotein, glycopeptide, peptidoglycan, or proteoglycan of interest. O-glycans labeled with the labels can be detected by fluorescence, MS, and UV. The invention further provides methods for making the reagents, methods for using them, and kits comprising them. O-glycans labeled with the reagents can be analyzed by high-throughput analysis.

Methods are provided for making rapid labeled dextran ladders and other calibrants useful in liquid chromatography. The methodologies include a two-step process comprising a reductive amination step of providing a reducing glycan and reacting it with a compound having a primary amine to produce an intermediate compound. The intermediate compound is then rapidly tagged with a rapid tagging reagent to produce the rapid labeled dextran ladder.

A separation device receives a known or unknown glycan that is co-injected with three different oligomers maltooligosaccharide (MOL). A detector measures the separated glycan and the separated three different oligomers as intensity peaks that are a function of migration time. The migration times of a plurality of other oligomers of MOL are calculated from the migration times of the three different oligomers. Glucose unit (GU) values for the intensity peaks of the separated glycan are calculated by comparing their migration times to the calculated migration times of the plurality of other oligomers of MOL. The processor identifies the structure of the glycan by comparing the calculated GU values of the intensity peaks of the separated glycan to a database of GU values for known glycan structures.