The invention provides a conjugate of a Neisseria meningitidis serogroup X capsular polysaccharide and a carrier molecule. The conjugate is typically made by (a) oxidising a primary hydroxyl group in the capsular polysaccharide, to give an oxidised polysaccharide with an aldehyde group; and (b) coupling the oxidised polysaccharide to a carrier molecule via the aldehyde group, thereby giving the conjugate. The conjugate may be part of an immunogenic composition. This composition may comprise one or more further antigens, particularly capsular polysaccharides from serogroups A, W135, C and Y and conjugated forms thereof. The composition may be in an aqueous formulation. The composition is useful as a vaccine, e.g. for raising an immune response in a mammal. The invention also provides processes for making the conjugate.

Provided is a method of detecting free mannose and glucose in serum using high performance liquid chromatography. Compared to existing technology, the pretreatment process of samples is simpler, the detection time is shortened, and the detection efficiency is greater. When detection of serum samples is carried out, mannose, rhamnose and glucose may be completely separated, and mannose and glucose will not affect each other during quantification, thereby ensuring the accuracy of detection results.

A method of continuous separation of a plasmid from a process feed in an apparatus with at least three chromatography columns packed with separation matrix particles, wherein while one chromatography column is loaded with the process feed, another chromatography column is eluted with an eluent to recover the separated plasmid, and yet another chromatography column is eluted with a further eluent to remove contaminants.

Methods are provided for making rapid labeled dextran ladders and other calibrants useful in liquid chromatography. The methodologies include a two-step process comprising a reductive amination step of providing a reducing glycan and reacting it with a compound having a primary amine to produce an intermediate compound. The intermediate compound is then rapidly tagged with a rapid tagging reagent to produce the rapid labeled dextran ladder.

A mixed-mode chromatography method for the determination of phosphorylated sugars in a sample is provided. The mixed-mode chromatography method includes obtaining a sample comprising at least one phosphorylated sugar. The sample is introduced onto a chromatography system. The chromatography system includes a column having a stationary phase material contained inside the column. The stationary phase material has a surface comprising a hydrophobic surface group and at least one ionizable modifier. The sample with a mobile phase eluent is flowed through the column, where the at least one phosphorylated sugar is substantially resolved and retained within seven minutes. The mobile phase eluent includes water with an additive and acetonitrile with the additive. The mobile phase eluent has a pH less than 6. The at least one phosphorylated sugar is detected using a detector.

The present invention provides a method for measuring the concentration and/or amount of one or more polysaccharide in a test sample comprising or consisting of the steps of (a) acid hydrolysis of the test sample with hydrochloric acid and trifluoroaceticacid; (b) chromatographic separation of the hydrolysed test sample of step (a); and (c) determining the concentration and/or amount of the one or more polysaccharide based on the data generated in step (b), together with processed test samples and kit for use of the same.

A chromatography column for the use of separation of acidic sugar chains, wherein the column comprises a first column and a second column, the second column connected by a flow path downstream of an outlet of the first column, and selected from the following (1) or (2): (1) the carrier of the first column is hydrophobically modified silica having a group containing a primary amine, a secondary amine or/and a tertiary amine, and the carrier of the second column is a resin having a group containing a primary amine, a secondary amine or/and a tertiary amine; (2) the carrier of the first column is a resin having a group containing a primary amine, a secondary amine or/and a tertiary amine, and the carrier of the second column is hydrophobically modified silica having a group containing a primary amine, a secondary amine, or/and a tertiary amine.

The present technology relates to a method of separating a sample comprising oligonucleotides. The method includes injecting a polyphosphonic acid at a concentration of between about 0.01 M to about 1 M into the sample comprising oligonucleotides. The method also includes flowing the sample and polyphosphonic acid through a liquid chromatography column and separating the oligonucleotides.

Methods are provided for making rapid labeled dextran ladders and other calibrants useful in liquid chromatography. The methodologies include a two-step process comprising a reductive amination step of providing a reducing glycan and reacting it with a compound having a primary amine to produce an intermediate compound. The intermediate compound is then rapidly tagged with a rapid tagging reagent to produce the rapid labeled dextran ladder.

A detection method for low molecular weight heparin complete degradation products using hydrophilic interaction chromatography and multiple reaction monitoring tandem mass spectrometry. Identifying the original reducing end and non-reducing end of enoxaparin sodium by means of reducing the reducing end of enoxaparin sodium, and performing hydrolysis using hydrogen peroxide. Performing quantitative analysis on all component units utilizing hydrophilic interaction chromatography and multiple reaction monitoring tandem mass spectrometry, in particular quantifying low-content special structures and characterizing low molecular weight heparin.