Disclosed herein are methods and systems for capture and measurement of a target component. A fluid sampling tool for sampling fluid from a subterranean formation may include a sample chamber having a fluid inlet, wherein the sample chamber is lined with a coating of a material that can reversibly hold a target component.

Processes, compositions, and sensors for sensing a variety of toxic chemicals based on colorimetric changes. Exemplary process for sensing a toxic chemical includes contacting a toxic chemical, or byproduct thereof, with a sorbent that includes a porous metal hydroxide or a porous mixed-metal oxide/hydroxide and a transition metal reactant suitable to react with a toxic chemical or byproduct thereof. The sorbent is contacted with the toxic chemical or byproduct thereof for a sampling time. A difference between a post-exposure colorimetric state of the sorbent and a pre-exposure colorimetric state of the sorbent is determined to thereby detect exposure to, or the presence of, the toxic chemical or byproduct thereof.

Processes, compositions, and sensors for sensing a variety of toxic chemicals based on colorimetric changes. Exemplary process for sensing a toxic chemical includes contacting a toxic chemical, or byproduct thereof, with a sorbent that includes a porous metal hydroxide or a porous mixed-metal oxide/hydroxide and a transition metal reactant suitable to react with a toxic chemical or byproduct thereof. The sorbent is contacted with the toxic chemical or byproduct thereof for a sampling time. A difference between a post-exposure colorimetric state of the sorbent and a pre-exposure colorimetric state of the sorbent is determined to thereby detect exposure to, or the presence of, the toxic chemical or byproduct thereof.

A method for detecting for the presence of H.sub.2S or HS.sup.− anion in a system, comprising contacting a sample from the system with a compound, or a protonate or salt thereof, having a structure represented by:

##STR00001## wherein Y represents an aromatic group or a substituted aromatic group; n is 1 or 2; R is independently H, alkyl, substituted alkyl, a polyether moiety, carboxyl, substituted carboxyl, carbamate, substituted carbonate, carbonyloxy, alkoxy, substituted alkoxy, haloalkyl, halogen, nitro, amino, amido, aryloxy, cyano, hydroxyl, or sulfonyl; R.sup.1 is H, substituted lower alkyl, lower alkyl, substituted aralkyl or aralkyl; R.sup.2 is selected from H, acyl, substituted aralkyl, aralkyl, phosphonyl, —SO.sub.2R.sup.3; —C(O)R.sup.5; —C(O)OR.sup.7 or —C(O)NR.sup.9R.sup.10; R.sup.3; R.sup.5; R.sup.7; R.sup.9 and R.sup.10 are each independently selected from H, substituted lower alkyl, lower alkyl, substituted aralkyl, aralkyl, substituted aryl or aryl.

Various embodiments disclosed herein describe an infrared (IR) imaging system for detecting a gas. The imaging system can include an optical filter that selectively passes light having a wavelength in a range of 1585 nm to 1595 nm while attenuating light at wavelengths above 1600 nm and below 1580 nm. The system can include an optical detector array sensitive to light having a wavelength of 1590 that is positioned rear of the optical filter.

Metal oxide-based integrated chemical sensors using a hybrid polycrystalline gas-sensitive material to create a uniform and integrated sensory system. The sensor system provides the unique properties such as improved sensor sensitivity due to reduced thickness, improved selectivity for specific analyte detection in the ppb, faster time of response, decreased time of reset and decreased power consumption in comparison to existing sensor technologies. The present invention also provides novel, metal oxide-based chemical sensor platforms, a novel method of making metal oxide-based chemical sensors, platforms and/or integrated chemical sensors.

An environmental sensor device with a sensor enclosure is configured for use in a gas environment. An enclosure support, at least one sensor on a face of the enclosure; and at least one debris sloughing structure is used. The debris sloughing structure is composed of a channel with a set of inner and outer ridges disposed in the enclosure around a periphery of the at least one sensor, wherein a top portion of the debris sloughing structure above the at least one sensor and lateral portions of the debris sloughing structure on lateral sides of the at least one sensor. A shape and arrangement of the debris sloughing structure carries condensate or contaminants forming on non-sensor areas of the enclosure away from the sensor and to a bottom portion of the enclosure.

A semiconductor material includes polythiophene, sulfonic acid, and copper ion. The copper ion is bonded to the sulfonic acid.

The present invention provides a corrosive environment monitoring method capable of short-term to long-term identification of the type of corrosive gas, without requiring a power source such as a commercial power source or a storage battery, in a narrow place inside an equipment housing of an electric or electronic device to be evaluated. The corrosive environment monitoring method of the present invention involves using a corrosion sensor that has a passage structure in which one end is closed and the other end is an opening, wherein a part of the upper and lower surfaces or left and right surfaces with respect to the opening is formed by a transparent substrate, and a metal thin film is formed on the surface of the transparent substrate that is in contact with the corrosive gas flowing in from the opening, observing the degree of discoloration of the metal thin film through the transparent substrate, and identifying the type of the corrosive gas from the relationship between the degree of discoloration and the type of corrosive gas that has been observed in advance.

A gas analysis system with an FTIR spectrometer preferably utilizes a long path gas cell, a narrow band detector, and an optical filter that narrows the detection region to measure hydrogen sulfide.