A beam expander includes first and second optical elements spaced apart from each other, and a light diffuser having an angular aperture that diffuses incident light through the angular aperture, wherein the first optical element in-couples the diffused light such that light exiting the first optical element has a first cross-sectional shape and light having a second cross-sectional shape different from the first cross-sectional shape is incident on the second optical element, and the second optical element out-couples light incident from the first optical element.

In various embodiments, an illumination structure includes a discrete light source disposed proximate a bottom surface of a waveguide and below a depression in a top surface thereof. A top mirror may be disposed above the discrete light source to convert modes of light emitted from the discrete light source into trapped modes, thereby increasing the coupling efficiency of the illumination structure.

An optical device for providing illumination light includes an optical waveguide and a plurality of polarization selective elements. The plurality of polarization selective elements is disposed adjacent to the optical waveguide so that a respective polarization selective element receives light in a first direction, and redirects a first portion of the light in a second direction. A second portion, distinct from the first portion, of the light undergoes total internal reflection, thereby continuing to propagate inside the optical waveguide.

A waveguide structure for a head up display in which a reflective output coupling structure is formed of a separate, but connected, component to a main waveguide. Light is coupled from the main waveguide to the output coupling structure by evanescent wave coupling. In a method of manufacture for such a waveguide the output coupling structure is attached to the main waveguide using an optical feedback technique.

An optical incoupling tape (50) attachable on a lightguide (20) is provided, comprising a substrate (50A) and at least one pattern (51) formed with a number of periodic pattern features (52) embedded in the substrate (50A) and configured as optically functional cavities (52) filled with a material having a refractive index different from the refractive index of the material of the substrate (50A) surrounding the cavity (52). The pattern (51) is configured to incouple light incident thereto and to adjust direction of the incoupled light such, that the incoupled light acquires a propagation path through a lightguide medium (20) via a series of total internal reflections. A method for manufacturing the tape (50), related uses and an optical apparatus comprising the tape (50) integrated with a light emitter device (22) are further provided.

A method of making a waveguide illumination system. More specifically, in a specific embodiment, an optically transmissive sheet having a light coupling area located at or near its light input edge and a two-dimensional light extraction area located on at least one of the first and second broad-area surfaces and at a distance from the first edge is provided. An LED strip having a strip of heat-conducting printed circuit and a linear array of electrically interconnected side-emitting LED packages is further provided. The LED strip is aligned parallel to the light input edge and positioning at or near the light input edge such that a major surface of the heat-conducting printed circuit extends generally parallel to the optically transmissive sheet and at least a substantial portion of the major surface is disposed in a space between the light input edge and an opposite edge of the optically transmissive sheet.

A beam expander includes first and second optical elements spaced apart from each other, and a light diffuser having an angular aperture that diffuses incident light through the angular aperture, wherein the first optical element in-couples the diffused light such that light exiting the first optical element has a first cross-sectional shape and light having a second cross-sectional shape different from the first cross-sectional shape is incident on the second optical element, and the second optical element out-couples light incident from the first optical element.

Provided are a backlight module and a display device. The backlight module includes a back plate, a sealant and a light source portion. The sealant includes a first surface with an inclined angle. The light source portion includes a circuit board and a light source. A first end of the circuit board is disposed on the first surface, and a second end of the circuit board is disposed on the light guide plate. The circuit board is obliquely disposed on the sealant and the light guide plate.

Provided is a method of manufacturing a light emitting module, the method including: providing a light guiding plate having a first main surface serving as a lighting surface, and a second main surface opposite to the first main surface, the second main surface defining a recess thereon, preparing a light emitting element unit by attaching a wavelength conversion portion to a light emitting element having electrodes and a light emitting surface; providing a light diffusion portion at a bottom of the recess; depositing the light emitting element unit onto the light diffusion portion in the recess; and forming a terminal having an electrical conductivity on the electrodes of the light emitting element.

An optical element driving mechanism is provided. The optical element driving mechanism includes a movable portion, a fixed portion, a driving assembly, and at least three damping materials. The movable portion is configured to connect an optical member that has an optical axis. The movable portion is movable relative to the fixed portion. The driving assembly drives the movable portion to move relative to the fixed portion. The damping materials are located on an imaginary plane, and the imaginary plane is parallel to the optical axis.