A temperature regulation system includes a laminate material that has a first light transmissive electrode layer, a rear electrode layer, and a bistable electrophoretic medium disposed between the first and second electrode layer. The electrophoretic medium includes two types of particles that have different charges and color. The amount of incident radiation (visible light, infrared, etc.) that is absorbed by the laminate can be modified by providing a voltage between the electrode layers.

The invention provides an electrophoretic medium comprising at least two types of particles having substantially the same electrophoretic mobility but differing colors. The invention also provides article of manufacture comprising a layer of a solid electro-optic medium, a first adhesive layer on one surface of the electro-optic medium, a release sheet covering the first adhesive layer, and a second adhesive layer on an opposed second surface of the electro-optic medium.

There provides a liquid crystal panel including a GOA circuit and a driving method thereof, the GOA circuit including a plurality of single-level GOA circuit units that are cascaded, wherein each single-level GOA circuit unit includes a pull-down maintaining unit, the pull-down maintaining unit including a first transistor having a gate connected to a first node, a source connected to a present-level pre-charging node, and a drain connected to a low supply voltage wire; and a second transistor having a gate connected to an upper-level pre-charging node so as to receive a pre-charging signal from the upper-level pre-charging node and a drain connected to the low supply voltage wire, wherein the second transistor is configured to turn off the first transistor in response to an upper level pre-charging signal before the present-level pre-charging node is pre-charged.

A display engine includes an arrayed light source panel including a light source array of individually addressable light sources, each light source being configured to emit a first light beam associated with a first wavelength band. The display engine also includes a beam reshaping module including beam reshaping elements, each beam reshaping element being configured to reshape a first beam profile of the first light beam and output a second light beam with a second beam profile. The display engine also includes a transmissive display driver panel including a display driver module integrated with a pixelated color conversion module that includes a plurality of color conversion units configured to at least partially convert the second light beam into a third light beam associated with a second wavelength band. The display engine also includes an active light modulation medium configured to modulate the third light beam for displaying an image.

The invention provides an electrophoretic medium comprising at least two types of particles having substantially the same electrophoretic mobility but differing colors. The invention also provides article of manufacture comprising a layer of a solid electro-optic medium, a first adhesive layer on one surface of the electro-optic medium, a release sheet covering the first adhesive layer, and a second adhesive layer on an opposed second surface of the electro-optic medium.

Pigment based inks are provided. The inks include a non-polar carrier fluid; and a surface-functionalized pigment particle including a nitrogen-inked moiety to the surface of the pigment particle through a nitrogen link at one end of the nitrogen-linked moiety and a segment copolymer having at least two blocks attached at another end, the pigment particle suspended in the non-polar carrier fluid. A combination of an electronic display and an electronic ink employing the pigment and a process for making the pigment-based inks are also provided.

Provided are a display apparatus and an electrically controlled light valve including a first substrate, a second substrate disposed opposite to the first substrate, a first transparent conductive layer disposed on the first substrate, a second transparent conductive layer disposed on the second substrate, a first liquid layer disposed between the first and the second transparent conductive layers, a second liquid layer disposed between the first and the second transparent conductive layers and reflective particles. The first and the second liquid layers are respectively adjacent to the first and the second transparent conductive layers. The first liquid layer includes a polar liquid. The second liquid layer includes a non-polar liquid. Each reflective particle has a conductive body and a surface modification layer covering the conductive body. When the electrically controlled light valve is switched to a light-transmission mode, the reflective particles are evenly dispersed in the first liquid layer.

This invention relates to electrophoretic fluids, the use of these fluids for the preparation of an electrophoretic display device, and electrophoretic displays comprising such fluids.

Provided are a display apparatus and an electrically controlled light valve including a first substrate, a second substrate disposed opposite to the first substrate, a first transparent conductive layer disposed on the first substrate, a second transparent conductive layer disposed on the second substrate, a first liquid layer disposed between the first and the second transparent conductive layers, a second liquid layer disposed between the first and the second transparent conductive layers and reflective particles. The first and the second liquid layers are respectively adjacent to the first and the second transparent conductive layers. The first liquid layer includes a polar liquid. The second liquid layer includes a non-polar liquid. Each reflective particle has a conductive body and a surface modification layer covering the conductive body. When the electrically controlled light valve is switched to a light-transmission mode, the reflective particles are evenly dispersed in the first liquid layer.

A charge-receiving layer for an e-paper assembly includes a plurality of conductive paths spaced apart throughout an insulative matrix, with each conductive path including at least one elongate pattern of conductive particles.